依据黄河下游来水来沙和断面冲淤实测资料 ,分析了 1998年 6月～ 2 0 0 0年 5月下游河道冲淤特性以及加密测验断面后对计算冲淤量的影响。结果表明 :这一时期枯水少沙 ,洪峰流量不大 ,下游河道汛期淤积 ,非汛期冲刷 ,主槽淤积加剧 ;汛期淤积集中于孙口以上河段 ,非汛期冲刷主要在夹河滩以上河段 ;测验断面加密后提高了计算冲淤量的精度 ,河段冲淤定性上也趋于更加准确。 Based on the measured data of incoming water and sediment in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and the scouring and silting of the section, the erosion and silting characteristics of the lower reaches of the river from June 1998 to May 2000 were analyzed. The results show that during the flood season, silt accumulation in the lower reaches of the mouth of the river is concentrated in the upper reaches of the mouth of the mouth of the river, and the erosion in the non-flood season is mainly at the upper reaches of the Jiahe River ; After the test section is encrypted, the accuracy of calculating the amount of scouring and silting is improved, and the scouring and silting of the river section also tends to be more accurate.