一、新贸易理论的主要特征:那类时常被称之为“新贸易理论”的观点最早出现在迪克西特和诺曼(1980年),兰开斯特(1980年),克鲁格曼(1979,1980和1981年),赫尔普曼(1981年)以及埃西尔(1982年)等人所著的系列论文之中。由于后面讨论的重点将集中于有关贸易新观点的政策含义上,所以有必要 I. The main features of the new trade theory: This kind of viewpoint often referred to as the “new trade theory” first appeared in Dixit and Norman (1980), Lancaster (1980), Krugman (1979, 1980, and 1981), in a series of papers written by Helpman (1981) and Eisier (1982). Since the focus of the following discussion will focus on the policy implications of a new perspective on trade, it is necessary