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目的了解桂西北民族地区某高校近5 a新生健康状况,为学生疾病预防与健康教育工作方案的制订提供科学依据。方法对2007—2011年入学的桂西北民族地区某学院1 425名新生的健康体检资料进行统计分析。结果新生完全健康率平均为13.50%,汉族学生(17.56%)高于少数民族学生(10.91%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。视力不良检出率平均为78.50%,汉族学生为83.18%,少数民族学生为75.53%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);女生(83.01%)高于男生(72.28%),重度视力不良率差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。营养不良检出率平均为51.91%,汉族学生为48.39%,少数民族学生为54.15%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);女生(60.49%)高于男生(39.97%),轻、中度营养不良检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。龋患率平均为13.37%,女生(15.33%)高于男生(10.66%),少数民族学生(15.45%)高于汉族学生(10.11%),差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论民族地区高校新生健康状况不容乐观,政府应强化干预力度,促进学生健康成长。
Objective To understand the health status of freshmen in a certain university in the northwestern Guangxi and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of the work plan for disease prevention and health education. Methods The health examination data of 1 425 freshmen from a college in northwest Guangxi of Guangxi in 2007-2011 were statistically analyzed. Results The average freshmen’s complete health rate was 13.50%. Han students (17.56%) were higher than ethnic minority students (10.91%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The detection rate of poor eyesight was 78.50% on average, 83.18% was on Han students and 75.53% was on minority students, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); the female students (83.01%) were higher than male students (72.28% Rate differences were statistically significant (P values were <0.05). The average detection rate of malnutrition was 51.91%, Han students was 48.39%, Minority students was 54.15%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); Girls (60.49%) were higher than boys (39.97% Degree of malnutrition detection rate difference was statistically significant (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The prevalence of caries was 13.37% on average, 15.33% higher than boys (10.66%), and minority students (15.45%) higher than Han students (10.11%). The differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The health status of college freshmen in ethnic minority areas is not optimistic. The government should strengthen the intervention and promote the healthy growth of students.