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为了明确新疆枣缩果病和枣果黑斑病病原菌的种类,从新疆红枣主要种植区哈密地区、阿克苏地区和巴音郭楞蒙古自治州分别采集红枣缩果病样品95份和枣果黑斑病样品77份。采用常规组织分离法对采集样品分离,并挑选典型代表菌株进行致病性测定和鉴定。结果表明:从缩果病样品中分离获得90株分离物,从枣果黑斑病样品中分离获得49株分离物,在139株分离物中,链格孢菌131株,占94.25%,镰刀菌6株,占4.32%,青霉菌2株,占1.44%。选取20株代表分离物进行致病性测定,18株链格孢菌分离物均可导致红枣果实发病,而镰刀菌无致病力。对18株代表性分离物的鉴定结果,明确了新疆枣缩果病和枣果黑斑病病原菌是链格孢菌。
In order to clarify the jujube shrinkage disease and jujube black spot pathogens in Xinjiang, 95 jujube fruit shrinkage disease samples and jujube black spot disease were collected from Hami, Aksu and Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, respectively. 77 samples. The collected samples were isolated by routine tissue isolation method, and the typical representative strains were selected for pathogenicity determination and identification. The results showed that 90 isolates were isolated from the samples of fruit shrinkage disease, 49 isolates were isolated from the jujube fruit spot samples, of which 139 isolates were Alternaria, accounting for 94.25% 6 strains, accounting for 4.32%, 2 strains of Penicillium, accounting for 1.44%. 20 strains of representative isolates were selected for pathogenicity test. 18 isolates of Alternaria alternata could result in the pathogenesis of jujube fruit, but Fusarium non-pathogenic. The identification results of 18 representative isolates confirmed that the pathogen of jujube fruit shrinkage disease and jujube black spot disease was Alternaria.