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一代国学大师王国维(1877-1927),作为中国近代最杰出的学术巨匠,他学贯中西,在古文字学、历史学、哲学、文学、甲骨、金石等领域成就斐然,正值盛年,却撒手西去。他的自杀是国内外学术界、文化界的一场悲剧,引起了巨大的社会反响。静安先生死后,对于其自沉之原因,各个立场不同的人士议论纷然,莫衷一是。八十年来,对他的死因纷争却始终未停。本文拟在对比较流行的“殉清说”进行驳斥,以更好地了解王国维,理解社会转型时期学人的矛盾心态和激烈反应。
As the most outstanding academic master in modern China, Wang Guowei (1877-1927), a master of Chinese learning, learned a great deal from both the East and the West and achieved remarkable success in ancient writing studies, history, philosophy, literature, Oracle, stone and other fields. Let go West. His suicide is a tragedy of academics and cultural circles at home and abroad, arousing great social repercussions. After the death of Mr. Jing An, the reasons for its self-sowing, various positions of different people are dividedly talkative, impolite. For eight decades, the dispute over his death has never stopped. This article intends to refute the more popular “martyrdom” in order to better understand Wang Guowei and to understand the contradictory mentality and fierce reaction of scholars in the period of social transformation.