论文部分内容阅读
干旱、土壤瘠薄、水土流失严重是当前旱地农业中存在的3个亟待解决的问题,极大地制约了当地农业的可持续发展。对旱地潜能的最佳开发、雨热资源的科学利用、生物资源的养分转化以及对生态环境的综合利用,始终是世界农业可持续发展研究的重点。从20世纪30年代至今,世界各国都在积极探索旱地农业生产的先进技术和有效模式,改善生态环境和提高土地生产力,获得最佳的生态效益。在当前涌现的诸多农作模式中,保护性耕作能起到这一作用。21世纪以来,保护性耕作技术在中国得到迅速发展,普及和推广保护性耕作技术的氛围已初步形成,它在世界范围内发展最为迅速。呼伦贝尔农垦近几年来大力推广保护性耕作技术,引进先进的免耕播种机、土壤深松机和秸秆还田机,大大减少了对土地的翻耕和增加了秸秆覆盖面积。
Drought, infertile soil and serious soil erosion are three problems to be solved in the present dryland agriculture, which have greatly restricted the sustainable development of local agriculture. The best development of the potential of dry land, the scientific utilization of rain and heat resources, the conversion of nutrient resources of biological resources and the comprehensive utilization of ecological environment have always been the focus of the study on world agricultural sustainable development. From the 1930s to the present, all the countries in the world are actively exploring the advanced technologies and effective modes of agricultural production in drylands, improving the ecological environment and improving land productivity, and obtaining the best ecological benefits. In the current crop of farming patterns, conservation tillage can play this role. Since the 21st century, the technology of conservation tillage has been rapidly developed in China. The atmosphere of popularizing and promoting the conservation tillage technology has taken shape and has been developing most rapidly in the world. In recent years Hulun Buir Land Reclamation vigorously promote conservation tillage technology, the introduction of advanced no-tillage seeder, soil subsoiler and straw returning machine, greatly reducing the tillage on the land and increasing the straw cover area.