莫桑比克是一个发展中国家，虽然水资源能够自给自足，但绝大多数人口目前仍无法获取安全饮用水。该国水资源污染最大的源头来自家庭、农业和工业废水，但是随着在临海地区开采天然气、金属和其他资源获利的增大，饮用水污染的风险也随之加大。此外，有人认为全球气候变化可能会使更多的营养物质随径流流入地表水，从而加剧河水的富营养化，使蓝藻细菌大量繁殖。
　　由于多种蓝藻细菌会产生被称为蓝藻毒素的有毒成分，大量蓝藻细菌繁殖会严重污染水源。目前在饮用水水库中已发现了比过去更高比例的蓝藻细菌，饮用水中也发现了细菌细胞和融化了的毒素。
　　Mozambique is a developing country where the majority of the population still lacks access to safe drinking water， in spite of the fact that there is sufficient water to cover their needs. The primary source of water pollution is effluent from households， agriculture and industry， but the growing interest in exploiting natural gas， metals and other resources in the coastal areas of the country is also increasing the risk of polluted drinking water. In addition， it is thought that higher temperatures resulting from global climate changes can lead to an increase in the runoff of nutrients into surface water， which in turn intensifies the eutrophication of lakes and the blooming of cyanobacteria.
　　The blooming of cyanobacteria is a serious pollution problem because many species of these bacteria produce toxic components， so-called cyanotoxins. A higher incidence of cyanobacteria has been detected in drinking water reservoirs and both bacteria cells and dissolved toxins can be found in the drinking water. （Source： http：//www.sciencedaily.com）