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通过构建平面和三维力学模型,推导了弹性状态下沿杆长方向轴力和黏结剪应力的分布函数,提出了锚杆剪应力衰减系数的概念,并给出了力学算式;对比分析了围岩为砂岩和煤体时,水泥锚固和树脂锚固两种情况下,锚杆轴力和剪力的衰减特征.结果表明:软岩锚固中轴力和剪力为全长分布型,硬岩0.8～1.0m左右即衰减为拉拔力的5%,黏结剪应力的主要作用范围为0～0.5m,在0.4～0.5m处衰减为0.06MPa左右.
Through the construction of plane and three-dimensional mechanics model, the distribution function of axial force and cohesive shear stress in the longitudinal direction of the rod under the elastic state is deduced. The concept of shear stress attenuation coefficient of the rock bolt is put forward and the formula of mechanics is given. The results show that the axial force and shear force of the soft rock anchorage are full-length distributed type, the hardness of the hard rock is 0.8 ~ 1.0m or so attenuation of 5% of the drawing force, the main role of bonding shear stress range of 0 ~ 0.5m, at 0.4 ~ 0.5m attenuation of about 0.06MPa.