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礼乐文化与古代戏曲的关系问题是戏曲史研究中的一个无法回避而又较难厘清的问题。本文试以清宫演剧为个案,通过对清代礼乐制度与宫廷演剧诸环节的考察,从彼此相联的三个方面对清宫演剧的礼乐性质进行了论证,认为:从清帝对宫廷演剧的定位与剧本制作的针对性看,清宫演剧具有明显的乐为礼设的意味;而就演出仪程中雅俗相参、戏礼相用的特点言,清宫戏曲实为清代礼乐的组成部分;即以清代君臣对清宫戏曲的理解和感受论,清宫演剧也具有古典雅正与乐和人情的礼乐特性。
The relationship between the ritual music culture and the ancient opera is an unavoidable and difficult problem to be clarified in the study of opera history. This article tries to take the Qing Dynasty drama as a case, and through the investigation of the ritual and court system in the Qing Dynasty and the various aspects of the court drama, this essay demonstrates the ritual and musical nature of the Qing Dynasty drama from three aspects which are related to each other. As for the orientation of the court drama and the targeted production of the script, the Qing drama has the obvious meaning of music for courtesy. In terms of the characteristics of both the elegant and the gaudy, On behalf of the composition of ritual music; that is, the Qing Dynasty monarchs on Qing opera drama understanding and perception of the Qing drama also has the classic elegant and music and human ritual characteristics.