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由于轴重、列车重量及其行车速度不断增加,提高货车转向架承载铸件的强度问题显得越来越迫切。有几条途径可以提高它们的强度特性,其中包括将零件材料换成强度更高的材料、改进结构、强化既有零件等。目前,货车主要承载零件使用高强度铁素体——珠光体低合金钢。下一个等级的高强度钢是贝氏体钢。使用这种钢的可能性不大,因为制造合金钢需要用稀缺元素。同时还会产生可焊性及可加工性等问题。此外,在存在严重应力集中的条件下,贝氏体和铁素体——珠光体钢的疲劳极限相差不多。由于必须保证与在运用中的车辆的零件
Due to the increasing axle load, train weight and driving speed, it becomes more and more urgent to improve the strength of the truck-mounted castings. There are several ways to improve their strength characteristics, including replacing parts with stronger ones, improving structures and strengthening existing parts. At present, the main load-bearing parts of the truck are made of high-strength ferrite-pearlite low-alloy steel. The next grade of high strength steel is bainitic steel. The possibility of using this type of steel is not great, since the use of scarce elements is required to make alloy steel. At the same time there will be problems such as solderability and processability. In addition, the fatigue limits of bainite and ferrite-pearlite steels are comparable in the presence of severe stress concentrations. Due to the parts that must be guaranteed with the vehicle in service