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目的:探索降低东西湖区幼儿园儿童患龋率、培养良好口腔行为习惯的口腔保健模式。方法:对东西湖区内幼儿园进行随机抽样,选取2所幼儿园作为实验组,对幼儿及其家长,教师进行健康教育与行为干预,2年后评价效果并观察刷牙前后菌斑控制指数。选取生源情况相近的2所幼儿园作为对照组,不进行健康教育与行为干预。2年后对比两组的新龋发生率。结果:2年后实验组家长与教师的口腔保健知识干预前后有显著差异,幼儿口腔卫生习惯明显改善(P<0.01),并且干预后幼儿刷牙前后的菌斑指数和菌斑率均明显降低;实验组幼儿新龋发生率为1.47%,对照组幼儿新龋发生率为3.82%,两者间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对学龄前儿童进行口腔综合保健干预能有限改善儿童口腔卫生习惯,预防龋齿发生。
Objective: To explore the oral health care model to reduce caries prevalence and develop good oral habits in kindergartens and children in Dongxihu district. Methods: Kindergartens in Dongxihu Lake area were randomly selected. Two kindergartens were selected as experimental group. The children and their parents and teachers were involved in health education and behavioral intervention. Two years later, the effect was evaluated and the control index of plaque before and after brushing was observed. Two kindergartens with similar living conditions were selected as the control group, and no health education or behavioral intervention was conducted. Two years later, the incidence of new caries was compared between the two groups. Results: After 2 years, parents and teachers in experimental group had significant difference in oral health knowledge before and after intervention, the oral hygiene habits of children improved significantly (P <0.01), and the plaque index and the rate of plaque in children before and after brushing were significantly decreased after intervention. The incidence of new caries was 1.47% in the experimental group and 3.82% in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: The comprehensive oral health care intervention for pre-school children can improve children’s oral health habits and prevent dental caries.