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目的了解农村HIV感染者和病人(PLWHA)个人卫生及相关行为习惯,制定相应的干预措施予以改善,以提高PLWHA预防疾病的能力。方法采用一对一匿名询问和现场实际察看PLWHA个人卫生及相关行为习惯进行基线调查,根据基线调查结果,制定相应的干预措施实施干预,并调查和评价干预效果。结果通过对安徽省皖北某县4个行政村共95位PLWHA进行调查,发现该地区农村居民经济收入较差(每人每年不足1 000元),文化水平较低(小学及以下占83.2%),个人卫生及相关行为习惯较差。对于调查中发现部分因主观因素引起的个人卫生及相关行为习惯,实施干预措施后均有不同程度的改善。结论农村PLWHA个人卫生状况相对较差,实施干预措施后只能使部分因主观因素引起的个人卫生及相关行为习惯有所改善。
Objectives To understand the personal hygiene and related behavioral habits of PLWHA in rural areas and to develop appropriate interventions to improve PLWHA’s ability to prevent diseases. Methods One-on-one anonymous inquiry and on-site actual observation of PLWHA personal hygiene and related behavioral habits were used to conduct baseline survey. Based on the baseline survey results, intervention measures were formulated and interventions were investigated and evaluated. Results A total of 95 PLWHA were surveyed in 4 administrative villages in a county in Northern Anhui Province. The results showed that rural residents in this area had poor economic income (less than 1,000 yuan per person per year) and low educational level (83.2% ), Poor personal hygiene and related behavioral habits. In the survey, some personal hygiene and related behavioral habits were found due to subjective factors. After the interventions were implemented, there were some improvements. Conclusion PLWHA in rural areas is relatively poor in personal hygiene. After the implementation of the intervention measures, only personal hygiene and related behavioral habits caused by subjective factors can be improved.