土木工程结构一般使用年限长,并且一旦建造很难替换。但任何土木结构的性能都会随时间劣化,这主要是由于材料本身老化、过度使用、超载、环境侵蚀、缺乏维护和检测手段难以满足要求等原因。有效的土木工程结构健康检测系统能够实时地诊断缺陷(裂纹,锈蚀等)的位置和程度,使结构 Civil engineering structures are generally long-lived and difficult to replace once built. However, the performance of any civil structure will deteriorate with time, mainly due to the material itself aging, overuse, overloading, environmental erosion, lack of maintenance and testing means difficult to meet the requirements and other reasons. An effective civil engineering structural health testing system can diagnose the location and extent of defects (cracks, rusting, etc.) in real time so that the structure