南口地区三面环山,地势险要,平绥铁路从这里通过,是北平通往察哈尔、绥远的咽喉要道。抗战初期,距这里不远的平西、察南即已建立了抗日根据地,南口附近的农村就是游击区。所以从抗日战争到解放战争时期,敌人为确保交通线,都在南口派有重兵坚守,并在铁路和地方建有双重的军、警、特、保甲等反动组织,对人民施行残酷的统冶。南口的铁路工人有着光荣的革命传统,早在1922年至1926年,我党著名的工人运动领袖何孟雄以及王德林等同志就在这里领导过铁路工人的革命斗争,对这里的工人有着深刻的影响。抗日战争时期,南口地区以铁路为界,铁路以北属平北根据地,铁路以西是平西根据地。南口机车车辆机械工厂(简称南口工厂)的地下党员胡长福(1948年2月人党)及其 South of the mouth surrounded by mountains on three sides, terrain, Ping Sui railway from here through, is Peking to Chahar, Suiyuan throat. In the early days of the war of resistance against Japan, Pingxi, not far from here, had established an anti-Japanese base area and the rural areas near the south exit were the guerrilla zones. Therefore, from the period of the Anti-Japanese War to the War of Liberation, the enemy, in order to secure the traffic line, has been stationed in the south port area with heavy troops and a dual reactionary organization including the armed forces, police, special forces and Baojia established on the railway and in the place, committing cruel control over the people . Railway workers in the south exit have glorious revolutionary traditions. As early as 1922-1926, Comrades He Mengxiong and Wang Delin, leaders of our party’s well-known workers’ movements, led the revolutionary struggles of railway workers here and profoundly affected the workers here. During the war of resistance against Japan, the south exit area was bounded by railroads. It belonged to Pingbei base north of the railway and west of Pingxi base. Hu Chang-fu, an underground member of the Nankou locomotive and rolling stock machinery factory (referred to as the Nankou Factory), and his party (February 1948)