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目的调查某建筑工地食堂发生的1起食物中毒事件,利用现场流行病学和卫生学调查方法分析事件的原因,为今后预防类似事件发生提供依据。方法描述性流行病学方法分析事件特征,运用病例对照探讨危险因素,实验室检测方法进行验证。结果共发现26例病例,临床症状主要为恶心(100%)、呕吐(84.62%)、腹痛(76.92%)、腹泻(61.54%)等,病例对照提示食物中毒的可疑食物为2016-06-18中餐提供的瓠瓜(OR=15.33,95%CI∶3.697~63.601),进食瓠瓜和中毒的风险存在剂量-反应关系(χ2Trends=6.271,P=0.012)。样品经细菌培养均呈阴性。结论根据流行病学调查、临床特征、病例对照和剂量反应分析以及实验室检验结果,推测这起食物中毒可能由进食苦瓠瓜引起。建议加强宣传教育,提高食品安全意识,避免类似事件发生。
Objective To investigate an incident of food poisoning in a canteen in a construction site and analyze the causes of the incident by on-site epidemiological and hygienic survey methods to provide basis for preventing similar incidents in the future. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the characteristics of the events. Case-control was used to explore the risk factors and laboratory tests were conducted to verify the results. Results A total of 26 cases were found. The main clinical symptoms were nausea (100%), vomiting (84.62%), abdominal pain (76.92%), diarrhea (61.54%), etc. The case-control suggested that food poisoning suspicious food was 2016-06-18 There was a dose-response relationship between choking (OR = 15.33, 95% CI: 3.697 ~ 63.601) provided by Chinese food and the risk of eating poison gourd and poisoning (χ2Trends = 6.271, P = 0.012). Samples were negative by bacterial culture. Conclusion According to epidemiological investigation, clinical features, case-control and dose-response analysis and laboratory test results, it is speculated that this food poisoning may be caused by eating Bitter Melon. Propose to step up publicity and education, raise food safety awareness and avoid similar incidents.