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《庄子》提出的虚静观是其“道”论的一部分,它以无限、大美之境为基本追求,以“心斋”、“坐忘”为具体践行方式,分别从人的内部精神引导和外部环境改造出发,倡导了一种自然无为、致虚、守静而万物俱化的虚静观。庄子所提出的虚静观立足于生命个体,在平等的观念上突破社会等级秩序,突破人们内心的偏狭,真正达到了一种平等看待万物、超然解脱自我的现实高度。在这种虚静观的指导下,文学的写意性在庄子那里得到了极大的发挥。在庄子看来,文学是一种缘道而生的自由的文学,是能帮助一切生命个体摆脱困顿之境的虚静的文学,这在中国古代文学观念的发展和文学形态的多样化转型方面是有着特殊意义的。
The concept of “virtual calmness” put forward by “Zhuangzi” is a part of its “Taoism” theory. It pursues the basic concept of infinite beauty and great beauty, takes the practice of " Starting from the guidance of the internal spirit of the people and the transformation of the external environment, they advocated a concept of virtual reality of nature inaction, deconstruction of virtual reality, and protection of all things. Chuang-tzu proposed the concept of virtual calm based on the individual life, breaking through the social order in the concept of equality, breaking through the inner narrowness of people and truly reaching a realistic height of treating all things equally and transcendental liberating themselves. Under the guidance of this concept of quietness and quietness, the freehand writing of literature has been greatly exerted in Zhuangzi. In Chuang Tzu’s view, literature is a kind of free-flowing literature, which is a kind of quiet literature that can help all living individuals get rid of the hardship. This is not the case with the development of the concept of ancient Chinese literature and the diversified transformation of literary form Is of special significance.