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FDI对推动一个国家或者地区的产业升级具有重要的作用,所以,近几十年,我国积极吸引外资,外商对华的国际直接投资规模急剧增多,但是独资化亦渐渐显露。2013年,中国实际利用外商的独资经营已明显占据主要地位,规模高达859.89亿美元,在三资企业中占73.13%,远远超出合资经营及合作经营所占比重。但是对于中国而言,FDI的独资化具有一些消极作用。本文首先对国内FDI的现状进行了阐述,并分析了其对华产业布局、技术垄断、产业结构、品牌资源的控制与民族企业吸纳人才资源方面的消极作用,然后从五方面阐述了外商投资独资化的原因,最后从中国企业、中国产业及中国政府三个层面出发提出了对应的政策建议。
FDI plays an important role in promoting industrial upgrading in a country or region. Therefore, in recent decades, China has actively attracted foreign investment and the scale of FDI in China has risen sharply. However, the issue of solely-owned foreign investment has also gradually become apparent. In 2013, sole proprietorship of foreign-funded enterprises in China actually occupied the major position with a size of 85.989 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for 73.13% of the total foreign-funded enterprises, far exceeding the proportion of joint ventures and cooperative businesses. But for China, sole proprietorship of FDI has some negative effects. This paper first describes the current situation of domestic FDI and analyzes its negative effects on industrial layout, technology monopoly, industrial structure and brand resources in China and the negative impact of national enterprises in attracting talent resources. Then it elaborates the five aspects of foreign investment Finally, from the three aspects of Chinese enterprises, Chinese industries and the Chinese government, we put forward the corresponding policy recommendations.