一前言玛纳斯河流域位于东经85°-86°20′,北纬44°-46°之间,其东起塔西河,西至四棵树河,南起天山北麓,北至苜蓿湾、大拐、车排子,东西宽约一百五十公里,南北长约一百三十公里。玛纳斯河流域除天山山麓低谷洼地外,均为一望无际的广阔草原。草原坡度在0.002-0.003之间。土壤主要为灰漠钙土及一些草甸灰钙土, An Introduction The Manas River Basin is located between 85 ° -86 ° 20’E and 44 ° -46 ° N, with the Tahsi River rising to the east, Sokhu River flowing to the west, the northern foot of the Tianshan Mountains to the north, alfalfa Bay to the north, Big Shoulong, car Paizi, east-west width of one hundred and fifty kilometers north and south about one hundred and thirty kilometers. Manas River basin in addition to Tianshan foothills low valley, are vast expanse of grassland. Grassland slope between 0.002-0.003. The main soil is gray desert calcareous soil and some meadow calcareous soil,