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目的:为天麻药材鉴别提供新的依据。方法:应用中药鉴定学、数理统计学方法对天麻药材的野生品和栽培品性状特征进行鉴别比较。结果:天麻野生品与栽培品在药材基本性状、环节纹的数目、环节纹的节距(节间长度)以及节上点数(点状潜伏芽的数目)方面均有一定差异。随着栽培品的代数增加,野生品与栽培品的差异也随之增大。结论:天麻野生品的基本性状、环节纹形态与栽培品存在着明显区别,尤其是栽培品2代、3代以后更为明显。
Objective: To provide a new basis for identification of Gastrodia elata Methods: The traditional Chinese medicine identification and mathematical statistics methods were used to identify and compare the characters of wild and cultivated Gastrodia elata Blume. Results: There were some differences between the medicinal materials and cultivars in the aspects of the basic characters of medicinal materials, the number of joint lines, the pitch of internodes (internode length) and the number of nodes on the nodes (the number of latent shoots in dots). As the algebra of cultivars increases, the difference between wild and cultivated products also increases. Conclusion: There are obvious differences between the cultivars and the basic traits of the wild products of Tianma, especially the cultivars of the second generation and the third generation.