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Unit 18
第一关:重难点词汇(仔细想想这些词语的汉语意思)
1.fisherman 2.great-grandfather 3.great-grandmother 4.northeastern 5.central 6.coast 7.surround 8.mild 9.bay 10.harbour 11.volcano 12.spring 13.heat 14.surface 15.rat 16.settle 17.settler 18.mainly 19.voyage 20.possession 21.bold 22.paragraph 23.grassland 24. mountainous25.surprising 26.secretary 27.percent 28.wedding 29.conference 30.relation 31.agricultural 32.cattle 33.export 34.take possession of 35.make up 36.turn to 37.go sailing 38.go camping 39.sign an agreement with
第二关:易混词语巧辨
1. [辨析]deep, deeply
(1)deep用于具体的深度,包括时间和空间。例如:
They dived deep in the sea. 他们潜入海的深处。
talk deep into the night 谈到深夜
(2)deeply用于抽象的、比喻的意义。例如:
be deeply moved 被深深感动
be deeply sorry for… 对……深表遗憾
[注意]deeply可以修饰形容词和过去分词,而deep不能,修饰颜色用deep。
2. [辨析]on, beside, at, by, near
on表示“在……旁;接近”,还可以表示“在某一天(星期几,特定的早、午、晚)”; at表示有目的地靠近;beside和by表示偶然接近,比near表示的距离更近。by比beside的语气更强。例如:
The Smiths are at the table. 史密斯一家正坐在餐桌旁(目的为了吃饭)。
He stood beside/by the door. 他靠门站着。
[注意]不要将beside与besides弄混。
第三关:交际用语及美英交际文化启示
本单元学习描述方位和方向(Describing location and direction)的交际用语:
North China华北South China华南West China华西East China华东
Northeastern China中国东北部Central China华中Southeastern China 中国东南部
in the north/south/east/west of… 在……的北/南/东/西部
to the north/south/east/west of… 在……以北/南/东/西
in the northern/southern/eastern/western part of… 在……的北/南/东/西部
northeastern/northwestern Sichuan 四川的东北/西北
southeastern/southwestern Hunan 湖南的东南/西南
文化启示:汉语的“东南,东北”用英语来表示就成了“南东,北东”了,即southeast, northeast;“西北,西南”是“北西,南西”,即northwest, southwest,也就是说在英语中应把“北,南”放在前边,另外,须注意英语方位用到的介词,不同的介词有不同的方位含义。
第四关:教材内容剖析
Warming up, Listening and Speaking
1.What are the position of the different places and waters in relation to China?
(Ⅰ)译文:与中国有关的各个地方和水域的位置叫什么?
(Ⅱ)短语:in relation to意为“和……联系起来(看,谈等),关于” eg:
What’s your idea in relation to his marriage? 关于他的婚姻你有何想法?
We decide to arrest him in relation to his action. 联系到他的行为,我们决定逮捕他。
拓展:①relate (vi.) to 涉及;适应be related to 与……有关系 eg:
Who is related to the accident? 谁同这事故有关系?
②relation n.[U]关系;联系[C]亲戚;亲属(同relative)
2.The East China Sea lies to the east of Zhejiang Province.
(Ⅰ)译文:中国东海位于浙江省的东部。
(Ⅱ)短语:常用来表示“方位”的结构有三个:
(1)lie/be in the east(west, south, etc.) of… 在……(范围内)的东(西、南等)部 eg:
Japan lies/is in the east of Asia. 日本在亚洲东部。
(2)lie/be to the east(west, south, etc.) of…在……(范围外)的东(西、南等)面 eg:
Japan lies/is to the east of China. 日本位于中国东面。
(3)lie/be on the east(west, south, etc)of… 在……(范围外接壤)的东(西,南等)面eg:
India lies/is on the southwest of China. 印度位于中国的西南面。
拓展:表示“方位”时,也可用倒装结构,这时方位名词前可不用介词和冠词。eg:
A temple lies/is to the west of the city.=To the west/West of the city lies/is a temple.
城西有座庙。
Pre-reading, Reading & Post-reading
3.New Zealand has a mild sea climate, while the north is subtropical.
(Ⅰ)译文:新西兰属于温和的海洋性气候,北部是亚热带气候。
(Ⅱ)词语辨析:while与but的区别
while作并列连词时,意为“然而;可是”,表示前后意义的转折和对比,but只表示转折。eg:
Ten years later, he died, while she was still alive. 十年后,他死了,而她还活着。
I’m interested in music while my husband is fond of sports.
我对音乐感兴趣,而我的丈夫却喜欢运动。
I believe what he said, but I don’t believe in him. 我相信他说的话,但我不相信他这个人。
4.They brought dogs, rats and plants with them and settled mainly on the North Island where the weather was warmer.
(Ⅰ)译文:他们带来了狗、鼠和植物,主要在天气比较温暖的北岛定居。
(Ⅱ)生词:settle(1)vt. 使坐定,安置;使定居;使就职;镇定(心神);解决(问题,争论等);决定 eg:
She settled herself in the armchair. 她安坐在扶手椅上。
They are settled in their new house. 他们迁入新居。
The music will settle my disordered brain. 音乐可以镇定我紊乱的思绪。
(2)vi. 定居;(天气,状态等)稳定;镇静 eg:
You’d better marry and settle down. 你最好结婚并安定下来。
Have you settled on the day for departure? 你已决定离开的日期了吗?
拓展:(1)settlement n. 殖民,移民;解决 settler n. 殖民者;移居者
(2)mainly adv.大体上;主要地(=mostly) eg:
This school is mainly for boys; there are only a few girls in it.
这所学校主要招收男孩,女孩极少。
Integrating Skills
5.Since the mid-1980s growing numbers of Asians have settled in New Zealand, and they make up about six percent of the total population.
(Ⅰ)译文:从二十世纪八十年代中期开始,来新西兰定居的亚洲人越来越多,已经约占总人口的6%。
(Ⅱ)短语:make up组成;构成eg:
Ten doctors make up the medical team. 十名医生组成了这个医疗队。
Our class is made up of 30 boys and 24 girls. 我们班由30名男生和24名女生组成。
另外,make up用作及物短语时还意为“虚构,编造,凑足,使完整;化妆,打扮;配制;弥补,补偿;铺床;调停,和解”等。eg:
The boy made up an excuse to cheat his parents. 那个男孩编了个理由欺骗他父母。
We need one more player to make up a team. 我们还需要一名队员才能凑足一个球队。
She took more than an hour to make herself up. 她花了一个多小时来化妆。
The mother is making up the bed for her baby. 母亲正在为小孩铺床。
They made it up soon after their quarrel. 他们吵架后不久就言归于好了。
6.New Zealand wine is of high quality and is sold all over the world.
(Ⅰ)译文:新西兰葡萄酒质量高,行销全世界。
(Ⅱ)语法:(1)be of+抽象名词,相当于be+形容词,意为“具有……”,表示人或事物的品质特征等。这类抽象名词常用的有:use, good, importance, help, value等。eg:
This book is of great use to me.=This book is very useful to me. 这本书对我很有用。
The meeting to be held is of great importance.=The meeting to be held is very important.
将要召开的会议很重要。
(2)be of+具体名词,意为“属于……”。这类名词常见的有:team, class, group, club, society, age, height, weight, width, depth, length, size, area等。eg:
She is of middle age/height. 她已到了中年/是中等个儿。
We are of the same class/age. 我们同班/同龄。
注意:“of+the same+名词”用在系动词be之后时,可将of省略。eg:
Lucy and I are (of) the same weight. 露西和我一样重。
Unit 19
第一关:重难点词汇(仔细想想这些词语的汉语意思)
1.protection 2.technique 3.irrigation 4.pump 5.seed 6.technical 7.import 8.production 9.root 10.insect 11.tobacco 12.golden 13.method 14.tie 15.discovery 16.garden 17.gardening 18.gardener 19.wisdom 20.practical 21.guide 22.firstly 23.sow 24.condition 25.soil 26.weed 27.remove 28.sunflower 29.generation 30.depend on 31.and so on 32.go against 33.take notes of 34.as well as 35.in other words 36.a variety of 37.year after year
第二关:易混词语巧辨
1. [辨析]raise, keep, feed
(1)raise既可以表示“饲养动物”,也可以表示“养育(子、女);培育(植物)”。例如:
They are proud to have raised such a fine son. 养育这样一个好儿子他们感到很自豪。
(2)keep可表示“抚养(人)”或“饲养(动物)”。例如:
keep animals饲养动物
(3)feed强调“喂养”,宾语既可以是人,也可以是物。例如:
Please feed some grass to the cows.=Please feed the cows with some grass. 请给牛喂点草。
2. [辨析]knowledge, information, wisdom
(1)knowledge有“正确的、系统的知识”的意思,也可指个人的知识及人类所积累的知识。例如:
Knowledge comes from practice. 知识来源于实践。
(2)information指个人从他人、书本、观察、实际经验等所得来的真实的或想像的知识,含有偶然的意味,常指杂碎的知识。例如:
He has acquired much information but has little real knowledge.
他得到了很多零碎的见闻,但没有多少真正的知识。
(3)wisdom指智者所有的或从研究所得到的高级的知识,现在多作为文学和修辞上的用语。例如:
He shows great wisdom. 他表现出很有学问。
3. [辨析]move, remove
(1)move表示“位置或姿势的移动;搬家;感动等”。例如:
Please move your car. It’s blocking the road. 请你把车挪动一下,它挡路了。
Can you sit still without moving for 10 minutes? 你能一动不动地坐上10分钟吗?
(2)remove多用于表示“除去;移开;调动”,还有“解雇;免职”的意思。例如:
Whether the boy will be removed from the class or not hasn’t been decided.
那个男孩是否被从班上开除还没有决定。
第三关:交际用语及美英交际文化启示
本单元学习了提建议和作决定(Giving advice and making decisions)的交际用语:
I think you should… 我认为你应该……
You’d better… 你最好……
In my opinion you should… 在我看来,你应该……
If I were you… 如果我是你的话……
We can’t do both, so… 我们不能二者兼做,所以……
The other idea sounds better to me… 另外一个主意我听着更好……
As far as I can see the best thing would be to… 据我所知,最好的事情将是……
I think he is right… 我认为他是对的……
Wouldn’t it be better if…? 如果……难道不是更好吗?
We have to make a choice… 我们不得不作出选择……
I will… 我将……
I’ve decided to… 我已决定……
[文化启示]英语中用于提建议的交际用语一般比较委婉,常用in my opinion, I think, Wouldn’t it be better if…等;而作决定的交际用语则比较直截了当。
第四关:教材内容剖析
Warming up, Listening & Speaking
7.Why do you think this happens?
(Ⅰ)译文:你认为这为什么发生?
(Ⅱ)句型:do you think是插入语,放在疑问句why之后,构成双重疑问。插入语把原来的特殊疑问句一分为二,插入语之后的部分用陈述语序。eg:
What can you guess made us so worried? 你能猜出是什么使得我们如此担心吗?
What did they suggest we should do during the summer holiday? 他们建议我们暑假做什么?
Who do you think will win in the game? 你认为谁将在比赛中获胜?
注意:①do you think也可以放在句末。eg:
What is it, do you think? 你认为它是什么?
②do you know不能看作插入语,所以不能放在疑问词之后。eg:
Do you know where she is? 你知道她在哪里吗?
8.As far as I can see the best thing would be to…
(Ⅰ)译文:依我看,最好的事情是……
(Ⅱ)短语:as/so far as就……来说;就……而论;直到……程度、范围等。eg:
He isn’t handsome as far as I know. 据我所知,他长得并不帅。
As far as I can see, he is an honest man. 据我所知,他是个诚实的人。
As far as the quality of tone goes, this radio is better. 就音质而论,这台收音机更好。
注意:as far as的本义是“远到……(距离)”。eg:
She walked as far as the next bus stop. 她一直走到下个公交车站。
拓展:as long as sb. can remember 在某人的记忆当中eg:
As long as I can remember, he was very fat at that time. 在我记忆当中,他那时非常胖。
Pre-reading, Reading & Post-reading
9. The temperature is controlled with computers, no matter how the weather is outside.
(Ⅰ)译文:不管室外天气如何,室内温度由电脑控制。
(Ⅱ)语法:no matter who/what/which/when/where/how…意为“不管……;无论……”,引导让步状语从句,相当于whoever/whatever/whichever/whenever/wherever/however… eg:
No matter where/Wherever you go, I’ll go with you. 无论你去哪里,我都会和你一起去。
No matter who/Whoever she is, she will have to wait. 不管她是谁,她都必须等。
No matter when/Whenever I go to see him, he is always busy with his work.
无论何时我去看他,他总是忙于工作。
注意:whatever/whoever/whichever…还可引导名词性从句,此时不可用no matter…结构来换。eg:
It’s considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.
无论孩子要什么都给,那是不明智的。
Whoever leaves the classroom last must lock the door. 不管谁最后离开教室都必须锁门。
You may choose whichever you like. 你喜欢哪个就挑哪个。
另外:however还可用作副词,表示“然而;可是”。eg:
I’d like to go out now, however, I’m not myself. 我现在很想出去,可是我感觉不舒服。
10. A variety of GM watermelons will be seedless and there is GM rice, sometimes called “golden rice”, which will have more vitamins and can grow in poor soil.
(Ⅰ)译文:很多种转基因西瓜将是无籽西瓜,还有有时被称为“金米”的转基因水稻,它将含有更多的维生素并可在贫瘠的土壤里生长。
(Ⅱ)短语:a variety of相当于形容词various,意为“多种多样的;各种各样的”。还可用varieties of表示此意。eg:
The shop has a variety of toys. 这家商店有各式各样的玩具。
She showed a variety/varieties of flowers. 她展示了各种各样的花。
另外:We are growing a new variety of wheat this year. 今年我们在种植一种新的小麦品种。(variety在本句中相当于kind,种类)
拓展:vary v. (体积,容积,力量等)变化,改变 variously adv.(情况,时间,处所等)不同地
Integrating Skills
11. For example, do not plant rice year after year in the same field.
(Ⅰ)译文:例如,同一块地里不要年复一年地种稻子。
(Ⅱ)辨析:year after year与year by year的区别:
year after year一年一年地;年复一年地。强调动作的重复性。
year by year逐年地,强调渐变过程。eg:
We send cards to each other year after year. 我们年年互赠贺卡。
My grandmother grows older year by year. 我奶奶一年年地衰老了。
12. Farmers’ proverbs and sayings
(Ⅰ)译文:农谚习语
(Ⅱ)生词:proverb n. 谚语;俗语;常言,笑柄相当于saying(谚语) eg:
His ignorance is a proverb. 他的无知已成笑柄。
拓展:习惯用语:
as the proverb goes(runs/says) 俗话说 be a proverb of… ……是尽人皆知的
pass into a proverb 成为谚语;成为话柄 to a proverb 到人人皆知的程度
as the saying goes 俗话说;常言道 It goes without saying that… ……不言而喻
There is no saying… 很难说……;没法知道……
第一关:重难点词汇(仔细想想这些词语的汉语意思)
1.fisherman 2.great-grandfather 3.great-grandmother 4.northeastern 5.central 6.coast 7.surround 8.mild 9.bay 10.harbour 11.volcano 12.spring 13.heat 14.surface 15.rat 16.settle 17.settler 18.mainly 19.voyage 20.possession 21.bold 22.paragraph 23.grassland 24. mountainous25.surprising 26.secretary 27.percent 28.wedding 29.conference 30.relation 31.agricultural 32.cattle 33.export 34.take possession of 35.make up 36.turn to 37.go sailing 38.go camping 39.sign an agreement with
第二关:易混词语巧辨
1. [辨析]deep, deeply
(1)deep用于具体的深度,包括时间和空间。例如:
They dived deep in the sea. 他们潜入海的深处。
talk deep into the night 谈到深夜
(2)deeply用于抽象的、比喻的意义。例如:
be deeply moved 被深深感动
be deeply sorry for… 对……深表遗憾
[注意]deeply可以修饰形容词和过去分词,而deep不能,修饰颜色用deep。
2. [辨析]on, beside, at, by, near
on表示“在……旁;接近”,还可以表示“在某一天(星期几,特定的早、午、晚)”; at表示有目的地靠近;beside和by表示偶然接近,比near表示的距离更近。by比beside的语气更强。例如:
The Smiths are at the table. 史密斯一家正坐在餐桌旁(目的为了吃饭)。
He stood beside/by the door. 他靠门站着。
[注意]不要将beside与besides弄混。
第三关:交际用语及美英交际文化启示
本单元学习描述方位和方向(Describing location and direction)的交际用语:
North China华北South China华南West China华西East China华东
Northeastern China中国东北部Central China华中Southeastern China 中国东南部
in the north/south/east/west of… 在……的北/南/东/西部
to the north/south/east/west of… 在……以北/南/东/西
in the northern/southern/eastern/western part of… 在……的北/南/东/西部
northeastern/northwestern Sichuan 四川的东北/西北
southeastern/southwestern Hunan 湖南的东南/西南
文化启示:汉语的“东南,东北”用英语来表示就成了“南东,北东”了,即southeast, northeast;“西北,西南”是“北西,南西”,即northwest, southwest,也就是说在英语中应把“北,南”放在前边,另外,须注意英语方位用到的介词,不同的介词有不同的方位含义。
第四关:教材内容剖析
Warming up, Listening and Speaking
1.What are the position of the different places and waters in relation to China?
(Ⅰ)译文:与中国有关的各个地方和水域的位置叫什么?
(Ⅱ)短语:in relation to意为“和……联系起来(看,谈等),关于” eg:
What’s your idea in relation to his marriage? 关于他的婚姻你有何想法?
We decide to arrest him in relation to his action. 联系到他的行为,我们决定逮捕他。
拓展:①relate (vi.) to 涉及;适应be related to 与……有关系 eg:
Who is related to the accident? 谁同这事故有关系?
②relation n.[U]关系;联系[C]亲戚;亲属(同relative)
2.The East China Sea lies to the east of Zhejiang Province.
(Ⅰ)译文:中国东海位于浙江省的东部。
(Ⅱ)短语:常用来表示“方位”的结构有三个:
(1)lie/be in the east(west, south, etc.) of… 在……(范围内)的东(西、南等)部 eg:
Japan lies/is in the east of Asia. 日本在亚洲东部。
(2)lie/be to the east(west, south, etc.) of…在……(范围外)的东(西、南等)面 eg:
Japan lies/is to the east of China. 日本位于中国东面。
(3)lie/be on the east(west, south, etc)of… 在……(范围外接壤)的东(西,南等)面eg:
India lies/is on the southwest of China. 印度位于中国的西南面。
拓展:表示“方位”时,也可用倒装结构,这时方位名词前可不用介词和冠词。eg:
A temple lies/is to the west of the city.=To the west/West of the city lies/is a temple.
城西有座庙。
Pre-reading, Reading & Post-reading
3.New Zealand has a mild sea climate, while the north is subtropical.
(Ⅰ)译文:新西兰属于温和的海洋性气候,北部是亚热带气候。
(Ⅱ)词语辨析:while与but的区别
while作并列连词时,意为“然而;可是”,表示前后意义的转折和对比,but只表示转折。eg:
Ten years later, he died, while she was still alive. 十年后,他死了,而她还活着。
I’m interested in music while my husband is fond of sports.
我对音乐感兴趣,而我的丈夫却喜欢运动。
I believe what he said, but I don’t believe in him. 我相信他说的话,但我不相信他这个人。
4.They brought dogs, rats and plants with them and settled mainly on the North Island where the weather was warmer.
(Ⅰ)译文:他们带来了狗、鼠和植物,主要在天气比较温暖的北岛定居。
(Ⅱ)生词:settle(1)vt. 使坐定,安置;使定居;使就职;镇定(心神);解决(问题,争论等);决定 eg:
She settled herself in the armchair. 她安坐在扶手椅上。
They are settled in their new house. 他们迁入新居。
The music will settle my disordered brain. 音乐可以镇定我紊乱的思绪。
(2)vi. 定居;(天气,状态等)稳定;镇静 eg:
You’d better marry and settle down. 你最好结婚并安定下来。
Have you settled on the day for departure? 你已决定离开的日期了吗?
拓展:(1)settlement n. 殖民,移民;解决 settler n. 殖民者;移居者
(2)mainly adv.大体上;主要地(=mostly) eg:
This school is mainly for boys; there are only a few girls in it.
这所学校主要招收男孩,女孩极少。
Integrating Skills
5.Since the mid-1980s growing numbers of Asians have settled in New Zealand, and they make up about six percent of the total population.
(Ⅰ)译文:从二十世纪八十年代中期开始,来新西兰定居的亚洲人越来越多,已经约占总人口的6%。
(Ⅱ)短语:make up组成;构成eg:
Ten doctors make up the medical team. 十名医生组成了这个医疗队。
Our class is made up of 30 boys and 24 girls. 我们班由30名男生和24名女生组成。
另外,make up用作及物短语时还意为“虚构,编造,凑足,使完整;化妆,打扮;配制;弥补,补偿;铺床;调停,和解”等。eg:
The boy made up an excuse to cheat his parents. 那个男孩编了个理由欺骗他父母。
We need one more player to make up a team. 我们还需要一名队员才能凑足一个球队。
She took more than an hour to make herself up. 她花了一个多小时来化妆。
The mother is making up the bed for her baby. 母亲正在为小孩铺床。
They made it up soon after their quarrel. 他们吵架后不久就言归于好了。
6.New Zealand wine is of high quality and is sold all over the world.
(Ⅰ)译文:新西兰葡萄酒质量高,行销全世界。
(Ⅱ)语法:(1)be of+抽象名词,相当于be+形容词,意为“具有……”,表示人或事物的品质特征等。这类抽象名词常用的有:use, good, importance, help, value等。eg:
This book is of great use to me.=This book is very useful to me. 这本书对我很有用。
The meeting to be held is of great importance.=The meeting to be held is very important.
将要召开的会议很重要。
(2)be of+具体名词,意为“属于……”。这类名词常见的有:team, class, group, club, society, age, height, weight, width, depth, length, size, area等。eg:
She is of middle age/height. 她已到了中年/是中等个儿。
We are of the same class/age. 我们同班/同龄。
注意:“of+the same+名词”用在系动词be之后时,可将of省略。eg:
Lucy and I are (of) the same weight. 露西和我一样重。
Unit 19
第一关:重难点词汇(仔细想想这些词语的汉语意思)
1.protection 2.technique 3.irrigation 4.pump 5.seed 6.technical 7.import 8.production 9.root 10.insect 11.tobacco 12.golden 13.method 14.tie 15.discovery 16.garden 17.gardening 18.gardener 19.wisdom 20.practical 21.guide 22.firstly 23.sow 24.condition 25.soil 26.weed 27.remove 28.sunflower 29.generation 30.depend on 31.and so on 32.go against 33.take notes of 34.as well as 35.in other words 36.a variety of 37.year after year
第二关:易混词语巧辨
1. [辨析]raise, keep, feed
(1)raise既可以表示“饲养动物”,也可以表示“养育(子、女);培育(植物)”。例如:
They are proud to have raised such a fine son. 养育这样一个好儿子他们感到很自豪。
(2)keep可表示“抚养(人)”或“饲养(动物)”。例如:
keep animals饲养动物
(3)feed强调“喂养”,宾语既可以是人,也可以是物。例如:
Please feed some grass to the cows.=Please feed the cows with some grass. 请给牛喂点草。
2. [辨析]knowledge, information, wisdom
(1)knowledge有“正确的、系统的知识”的意思,也可指个人的知识及人类所积累的知识。例如:
Knowledge comes from practice. 知识来源于实践。
(2)information指个人从他人、书本、观察、实际经验等所得来的真实的或想像的知识,含有偶然的意味,常指杂碎的知识。例如:
He has acquired much information but has little real knowledge.
他得到了很多零碎的见闻,但没有多少真正的知识。
(3)wisdom指智者所有的或从研究所得到的高级的知识,现在多作为文学和修辞上的用语。例如:
He shows great wisdom. 他表现出很有学问。
3. [辨析]move, remove
(1)move表示“位置或姿势的移动;搬家;感动等”。例如:
Please move your car. It’s blocking the road. 请你把车挪动一下,它挡路了。
Can you sit still without moving for 10 minutes? 你能一动不动地坐上10分钟吗?
(2)remove多用于表示“除去;移开;调动”,还有“解雇;免职”的意思。例如:
Whether the boy will be removed from the class or not hasn’t been decided.
那个男孩是否被从班上开除还没有决定。
第三关:交际用语及美英交际文化启示
本单元学习了提建议和作决定(Giving advice and making decisions)的交际用语:
I think you should… 我认为你应该……
You’d better… 你最好……
In my opinion you should… 在我看来,你应该……
If I were you… 如果我是你的话……
We can’t do both, so… 我们不能二者兼做,所以……
The other idea sounds better to me… 另外一个主意我听着更好……
As far as I can see the best thing would be to… 据我所知,最好的事情将是……
I think he is right… 我认为他是对的……
Wouldn’t it be better if…? 如果……难道不是更好吗?
We have to make a choice… 我们不得不作出选择……
I will… 我将……
I’ve decided to… 我已决定……
[文化启示]英语中用于提建议的交际用语一般比较委婉,常用in my opinion, I think, Wouldn’t it be better if…等;而作决定的交际用语则比较直截了当。
第四关:教材内容剖析
Warming up, Listening & Speaking
7.Why do you think this happens?
(Ⅰ)译文:你认为这为什么发生?
(Ⅱ)句型:do you think是插入语,放在疑问句why之后,构成双重疑问。插入语把原来的特殊疑问句一分为二,插入语之后的部分用陈述语序。eg:
What can you guess made us so worried? 你能猜出是什么使得我们如此担心吗?
What did they suggest we should do during the summer holiday? 他们建议我们暑假做什么?
Who do you think will win in the game? 你认为谁将在比赛中获胜?
注意:①do you think也可以放在句末。eg:
What is it, do you think? 你认为它是什么?
②do you know不能看作插入语,所以不能放在疑问词之后。eg:
Do you know where she is? 你知道她在哪里吗?
8.As far as I can see the best thing would be to…
(Ⅰ)译文:依我看,最好的事情是……
(Ⅱ)短语:as/so far as就……来说;就……而论;直到……程度、范围等。eg:
He isn’t handsome as far as I know. 据我所知,他长得并不帅。
As far as I can see, he is an honest man. 据我所知,他是个诚实的人。
As far as the quality of tone goes, this radio is better. 就音质而论,这台收音机更好。
注意:as far as的本义是“远到……(距离)”。eg:
She walked as far as the next bus stop. 她一直走到下个公交车站。
拓展:as long as sb. can remember 在某人的记忆当中eg:
As long as I can remember, he was very fat at that time. 在我记忆当中,他那时非常胖。
Pre-reading, Reading & Post-reading
9. The temperature is controlled with computers, no matter how the weather is outside.
(Ⅰ)译文:不管室外天气如何,室内温度由电脑控制。
(Ⅱ)语法:no matter who/what/which/when/where/how…意为“不管……;无论……”,引导让步状语从句,相当于whoever/whatever/whichever/whenever/wherever/however… eg:
No matter where/Wherever you go, I’ll go with you. 无论你去哪里,我都会和你一起去。
No matter who/Whoever she is, she will have to wait. 不管她是谁,她都必须等。
No matter when/Whenever I go to see him, he is always busy with his work.
无论何时我去看他,他总是忙于工作。
注意:whatever/whoever/whichever…还可引导名词性从句,此时不可用no matter…结构来换。eg:
It’s considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.
无论孩子要什么都给,那是不明智的。
Whoever leaves the classroom last must lock the door. 不管谁最后离开教室都必须锁门。
You may choose whichever you like. 你喜欢哪个就挑哪个。
另外:however还可用作副词,表示“然而;可是”。eg:
I’d like to go out now, however, I’m not myself. 我现在很想出去,可是我感觉不舒服。
10. A variety of GM watermelons will be seedless and there is GM rice, sometimes called “golden rice”, which will have more vitamins and can grow in poor soil.
(Ⅰ)译文:很多种转基因西瓜将是无籽西瓜,还有有时被称为“金米”的转基因水稻,它将含有更多的维生素并可在贫瘠的土壤里生长。
(Ⅱ)短语:a variety of相当于形容词various,意为“多种多样的;各种各样的”。还可用varieties of表示此意。eg:
The shop has a variety of toys. 这家商店有各式各样的玩具。
She showed a variety/varieties of flowers. 她展示了各种各样的花。
另外:We are growing a new variety of wheat this year. 今年我们在种植一种新的小麦品种。(variety在本句中相当于kind,种类)
拓展:vary v. (体积,容积,力量等)变化,改变 variously adv.(情况,时间,处所等)不同地
Integrating Skills
11. For example, do not plant rice year after year in the same field.
(Ⅰ)译文:例如,同一块地里不要年复一年地种稻子。
(Ⅱ)辨析:year after year与year by year的区别:
year after year一年一年地;年复一年地。强调动作的重复性。
year by year逐年地,强调渐变过程。eg:
We send cards to each other year after year. 我们年年互赠贺卡。
My grandmother grows older year by year. 我奶奶一年年地衰老了。
12. Farmers’ proverbs and sayings
(Ⅰ)译文:农谚习语
(Ⅱ)生词:proverb n. 谚语;俗语;常言,笑柄相当于saying(谚语) eg:
His ignorance is a proverb. 他的无知已成笑柄。
拓展:习惯用语:
as the proverb goes(runs/says) 俗话说 be a proverb of… ……是尽人皆知的
pass into a proverb 成为谚语;成为话柄 to a proverb 到人人皆知的程度
as the saying goes 俗话说;常言道 It goes without saying that… ……不言而喻
There is no saying… 很难说……;没法知道……