“引进来,走出去”是中国对外开放的两个支柱。在改革开放之初,中国主要依赖引进外资带动出口型经济的建立和发展。深圳珠海等第一批经济特区应运而生,而中国也成为全球外资主要目的地。外资为中国经济所作的贡献不可磨灭。与此同时,中国在20世纪六七十年代就在发展中国家特别是非洲国家有投资项目。20世纪90年代后中国在世界各地投资不断增加。进入21世纪后,中国企业走向世界的步伐加快,并从第三世界走向西方发达国家。2015年中国对美国投资额首次超过美国在华投资额。目前中资进入发达国家还处于初级阶段。国内外对此的研究也不多。本文以有限的中英文资料和数据以及对一些专业人士的专访为基础,作一初步分析和解读。中国对西方国家投资与创建亚投行和实施“一带一路”等外交大手笔一脉相承,是中国经济外交走向成熟的具体体现,是中国经济融入世界的重要组成部分。本文认为,中国对美投资是中美关系中前所未有的新现象,给双边关系带来新的机遇和挑战。围绕这一新现象出现的一些摩擦折射出两国关系中互信不足的老问题。中美双方都应及时调整心态,适应国际政经新格局,让中国对美投资成为两国关系中一股新的正能量。 “Importing, going out” is the two pillars of China’s opening to the outside world. At the beginning of the reform and opening up, China mainly relied on the introduction of foreign capital to promote the establishment and development of export-oriented economy. The first special economic zones such as Zhuhai in Shenzhen came into being, while China has also become the major destination for global foreign investment. Foreign contribution to China’s economy is indelible. In the meantime, China invested in developing countries, especially in Africa, in the 1960s and 1970s. Since the 1990s, China has continuously increased investment in various parts of the world. After entering the 21st century, the pace of Chinese enterprises to go to the world is accelerating, and from the third world to the developed western countries. For the first time, China’s investment in the United States surpassed the U.S. investment in China in 2015. At present, the entry of China into the developed countries is still in its infancy. There are not many studies at home and abroad. This article is based on a limited number of Chinese and English materials and data, as well as interviews with some professionals, for a preliminary analysis and interpretation. China’s commitment to investing in and establishing the Asian Development Bank (AIIB) in the West and its implementation of the “Belt and Road” hand in hand are the concrete manifestation of the maturity of China’s economic diplomacy and are an important part of China’s economic integration into the world. This article argues that China’s investment in the United States is an unprecedented new phenomenon in Sino-U.S. Relations and brings new opportunities and challenges to bilateral relations. Some of the friction that has emerged around this new phenomenon reflects the old problem of lack of mutual trust in the relations between the two countries. Both China and the United States should adjust their mentality timely and adapt to the new pattern of international politics and politics so that China’s investment in the United States will become a new positive energy in the relations between the two countries.