目的探索人类与细菌斗争、保护自身健康的历史经验和教训;探索抗菌素的科学合理利用、防止细菌感染的科学有效的保健途径。方法采用描述和分析流行病学的方法.描述人类与细菌斗争的历史和现状;比较双方的优劣;分析未来的发展趋势。结果人类与细菌双方的战争由来已久。在抗菌素未投入使用前,人类处于被动地位;之后人类逐渐掌握了主动;现在的情况正在发生越来越不利于人类的变化,如果不能引起人类足够的重视,形势将会逆转,甚至会重返抗菌素未投入使用前的被动地位。结论人类在与细菌的战争中必须摒弃错误的思维模式,一味地采取杀灭、彻底消毒、动辄使用抗菌素、大剂量使用抗菌素的所谓主动进攻是不科学的,其弊端已越来越明显。以科学健康的生活方式、利用自然的途径减少或避免感染、在牲畜喂养和植物保护过程中尽可能的避免滥用抗菌素和农药;在不得已的情况下,应严格按照医生的嘱咐,足量、全程使用抗菌素,以免细菌产生抗药性。人类保健不应依赖药物特别是抗菌素,应侧重于提高自身抵抗力即扶正,而不是非理性地驱邪。人类应善待自然与自然和谐相处。 Objective To explore the history and lessons of the struggle between human beings and bacteria to protect their own health, and to explore a scientifically and effectively health-care approach to the scientific and rational utilization of antibiotics and the prevention of bacterial infections. Methods Describe and analyze epidemiological methods Describe the history and current situation of the struggle between humans and bacteria Compare the pros and cons of both parties Analyze the future trends. As a result, the war between mankind and bacteria has been taking place for a long time. Before the antibiotics are put into use, mankind is in a passive position. Afterwards, mankind gradually masters the initiative. Now the situation is undergoing more and more unfavorable changes to mankind. If we can not attract enough attention from mankind, the situation will be reversed or even be returned Antibiotics are not put into use before the passive position. Conclusion Human beings must abandon the wrong mode of thinking in their war against bacteria. It is unscientific that the so-called active attack of using antibiotics at high doses and antibiotics is blindly taken by means of killing, thorough disinfection, and the disadvantages have become more and more obvious. Use scientific and healthy lifestyles to reduce or avoid infection by natural means and avoid possible abuse of antibiotics and pesticides during livestock feeding and plant protection. In case of last resort, strictly follow the doctor’s instructions, Use antibiotics to prevent bacterial resistance. Human health should not rely on drugs, especially antibiotics, and should focus on improving one’s own defensiveness rather than irrationally. Humans should be kind and friendly to nature and nature.