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乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)携带者在全世界已达两亿以上,在亚洲太平洋地区就占1亿6千万。日本也有300万名HBV携带者,作为肝癌的起因,对急、慢性肝炎,肝硬变的根本对策尚有待解决。近年有关HBV的免疫学研究进展很快,其成果已应用于临床,并试用于预防和治疗HBV感染。对HBV感染的预防措施,已建立HB免疫球蛋白(HBIG)的被动免疫,和HB疫苗的主动免疫的方法,可供临床应用。治疗方面,通过病毒的免疫学研究,现已有干扰素(IFN)和干扰素诱导剂正在研究其临床效果。本文将对近年HBV的免疫学预防和临床应用加以介绍。
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers have reached over 200 million in the world and 160 million in the Asia-Pacific region. Japan also has 3 million carriers of HBV, as the cause of liver cancer, acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis of the fundamental response remains to be resolved. In recent years, immunological research on HBV has progressed rapidly, and its results have been applied to clinical trials, and tried to prevent and treat HBV infection. Preventive measures against HBV infection have been established passive immunization of HB immunoglobulin (HBIG), and HB vaccine active immunization methods for clinical use. Treatment, through the immunological studies of the virus, now interferon (IFN) and interferon inducing agents are studying its clinical effect. This article will introduce immunological prevention and clinical application of HBV in recent years.