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针对实际焊接过程中存在的纠偏量问题和焊枪振荡现象,在现有焊缝自动跟踪技术的基础上,通过采用激光视觉传感器、十字滑架和两个垂直布置的纠偏步进电机,对激光头与焊枪之间偏移角实现了自动检测和标定,由此提出了具有自动标定功能的激光焊缝跟踪系统,并开展了相应的试验研究。结果表明:所提出的激光焊缝跟踪技术除有效解决上述焊接过程中的问题外,焊缝的跟踪精度及焊接质量也得到了明显提高。同时,具有自动标定功能的激光焊缝跟踪系统,能使焊缝的跟踪误差控制在一个较小范围内,理想情况下跟踪精度可达0.13 mm,拓展了其在精密焊接领域中的应用。
Aiming at the problem of the correction of the welding torch and the phenomenon of gun oscillation during the actual welding process, based on the existing automatic tracking technology of the welding seam, a laser vision sensor, a cross slide and two vertically arranged stepping motor are used to calibrate the laser head And welding torch to achieve the automatic detection and calibration angle, thus proposed with automatic calibration of laser welding seam tracking system, and carried out the corresponding experimental study. The results show that the proposed laser seam tracking technology not only effectively solves the above welding problems, but also improves the tracking precision and welding quality of the weld seam. At the same time, laser seam tracking system with automatic calibration function can control the tracking error of the weld seam in a small range, and the tracking accuracy can reach 0.13 mm under ideal conditions, which expands its application in the field of precision welding.