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以牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)为母本,圆斑星鲽(Verasper variegatus)为父本进行科间远缘杂交,观察和记录了杂交受精卵胚胎及胚后仔鱼的发育情况,描述了各时期的形态特征。杂交受精卵为浮性卵,其受精率和孵化率分别为(71.18±0.14)%和(61.65±0.19)%,胚胎发育的畸形率为(17.00±0.06)%,4日龄仔鱼出苗率为(58.63±0.19)%,35日龄仔鱼的成活率为(57.08±0.20)%。在水温为(15±0.5)℃、海水盐度为29~30的条件下,受精卵经74 h孵化。孵化后4 d开口摄食,17 d开始变态,35 d完成变态。变态时,37%的仔鱼向右偏转,63%的仔鱼向左偏转。结果表明,牙鲆和星鲽杂交不存在配子不亲和,受精卵可以正常发育,杂交子代可以正常成活和生长。本研究旨为下一步杂交育种奠定基础。
Paralichthys olivaceus was used as female parent and Verasper variegatus as male parent for interspecific distant hybridization. The development of embryos and post-embryonic larvae of hybrid fertilized eggs was observed and recorded. Morphological characteristics. The fertilized eggs were floating eggs, the fertilization rate and hatching rate were (71.18 ± 0.14)% and (61.65 ± 0.19)%, respectively. The abnormal rate of embryo development was (17.00 ± 0.06)%. The emergence rate of 4-day old larvae was (58.63 ± 0.19)%, the survival rate of 35-day-old larvae was (57.08 ± 0.20)%. Under the conditions of water temperature of (15 ± 0.5) ℃ and seawater salinity of 29 to 30, the fertilized eggs hatched at 74 h. Four days after hatching, the rats were fed with food, 17 metamorphosis and 35 metamorphosis. When metamorphosed, 37% of the larvae deflected to the right and 63% of the larvae deflected to the left. The results showed that there was no incompatibility between gametophyte and hybrid flounder, the fertilized egg could develop normally, and hybrid progeny could survive and grow normally. This study aims to lay the foundation for the next hybrid breeding.