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蜜蜂授粉是中果型西瓜简约化栽培技术之一,西瓜蜜蜂授粉与人工辅助授粉处理相比,蜜蜂授粉是天然授粉方式,既可减轻瓜农的劳动强度,又可提高西瓜坐果率及西瓜心、边糖含量,改善西瓜品质。试验结果表明:中果型西瓜京欣3号两种蜜蜂授粉方式和人工辅助授粉,对整个生育期主蔓长、粗、绿叶数及叶面积无影响,两种蜜蜂授粉与人工辅助授粉平均单瓜质量提高0.400kg,两种蜜蜂授粉与人工辅助授粉667m2平均产量提高380.800kg,两种蜜蜂粉坐果率为100.00%,畸形果为0.00%。从西瓜皮厚、硬度及产籽量上来分析,两种蜜蜂授粉西瓜比人工辅助授粉西瓜皮厚平均降低0.19cm,瓤的硬度平均降低0.360kg/cm2,产籽量平均增加了10.00%,且籽粒饱满。两种蜜蜂授粉的西瓜果形周正,商品率高。两种蜜蜂授粉平均边缘和中心可溶性固形物增加了0.23%和0.82%,且蜜蜂授粉改变了西瓜的品质,纤维少,酥脆可口,经济效益可提高31.00%。综合考虑667m2产量、坐瓜率和可溶性固形物含量等指标,中果型西瓜蜜蜂授粉表现最为优异,建议广大瓜农应用中果型西瓜蜜蜂授粉技术。
Bee pollination is one of the simple fruit-type watermelon cultivation techniques, pollination and artificial watermelon pollination compared with artificial pollination, pollination is a natural way to pollination, both to reduce the labor intensity of melon farmers, but also improve watermelon fruit set and watermelon heart, Sugar content, improve watermelon quality. The results showed that two kinds of pollination methods and artificial pollination assisted by two kinds of bees, namely Jingxin No.3 on honeybees, had no effect on the length, width, number of green leaves and leaf area of the whole growth period. The quality of melons increased 0.400kg, the average yield of two kinds of bees pollination and artificial pollination 667m2 increased 380.800kg, the two kinds of bee powder fruit set rate was 100.00%, the deformed fruit was 0.00%. Watermelon peel thickness, hardness and seed yield from the two bee pollinated watermelon artificial assisted pollination watermelon skin average reduction of 0.19cm, the hardness of the average decrease of 0.360kg / cm2, the seed yield increased by an average of 10.00%, and Full grain. Two bees pollinated watermelon Zhouzheng, commodity rate. The average edge and center soluble solids of two bees increased by 0.23% and 0.82% respectively. And bee pollination changed the quality of watermelon. The fiber had less fiber, crisp and delicious, and the economic benefit could be improved by 31.00%. Comprehensive consideration of 667m2 yield, sit melon rate and soluble solids content and other indicators, the fruit of watermelon bees pollination most outstanding performance, it is recommended that the majority of melon farmers use fruit-type watermelon bees pollination technology.