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(www.colorcon.com.cn)阿片类镇痛药是一类常见的镇痛药,如羟考酮、美沙酮、氢可酮、羟吗啡酮等。近年来,随着阿片类药品种类和处方的增多,这类药物在非医疗用途上的应用也越来越多[1]。阿片类镇痛药可以多种方式滥用,如可以粉碎后吞服或经鼻吸入、粉碎后抽吸或溶解后注射等。在美国,12岁的青少年中,有80%滥用他人的处方药。过量使用阿片类药物造成的死亡率已经超过了交通事故死亡率。根据美国疾病控制和预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)的数据,2012年全美共有22 114例药物滥用所导致的死亡,其
(www.colorcon.com.cn) Opioid analgesics are a common class of analgesics such as oxycodone, methadone, hydrocodone, oxymorphone and the like. In recent years, with the increase in the types and prescriptions of opioids, the use of these drugs in non-medical applications has also increased [1]. Opioid analgesics can be abused in a number of ways, such as swallowing or nasal inhalation after comminution, aspiration after inhalation or after injection, and the like. In the United States, 80% of 12-year-olds abuse other people’s prescription drugs. Mortality resulting from overuse of opioids has surpassed traffic fatalities. According to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there were a total of 22 114 deaths from drug abuse in the United States in 2012,