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为研究低体重儿（ＬＢＷＩ）视功能发育状态及影响因素，用日本ＮｅｕｒｏｐａｃｋⅡ电生理仪，对３～１０岁１３８例ＬＢＷＩ进行图形视诱发电位（Ｐ—ＶＥＰ）检查，３１例３～１０岁足月正常体重儿作对照组，记录１４６’、７３’、３６．５’三种空间频率的Ｐ１００潜伏期和Ｎ１—Ｐ１振幅。结果：ＬＢＷＩ三种空间频率Ｐ１００潜伏期均较对照组延长，其中中、高空间频率组与对照组比较差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）；三种空间频率的振幅值明显低于对照组，差异有非常显著性（Ｐ＜０．００１）；潜伏期延长和振幅降低主要集中在胎龄＜３２周、体重＜２．０ｋｇ组。多元回归分析示Ｐ－ＶＥＰ改变与出生体重、胎龄及围产期窒息、脑损害和眼部病变等因素有关。无眼、脑合并症的早产ＬＢＷＩ组的振幅与对照组比较仍存在统计学差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：ＬＢＷＩ具有视觉发育障碍的高风险，应给予视功能发育的早期监测及随访。
To investigate the functional status and influencing factors of LBWI, 138 patients with LBWI at 3-10 years old were examined by P-VEP using the Neuropack II electrophysiometer in Japan. 31 patients aged 3 to 10 years Month normal weight children as a control group, record the P100 latency and N1-P1 amplitude of three spatial frequencies 146 ’, 73’, 36.5 ’. Results: The P100 latency of three spatial frequencies of LBWI were longer than that of the control group, and there was significant difference between the middle and high spatial frequency groups and the control group (P <0.05). The amplitudes of three spatial frequencies were significantly lower than those of the control group (P <0.001). The prolongation of latency and decrease of amplitude mainly focused on gestational age <32 weeks and body weight <2.0 kg. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the changes of P-VEP were related to birth weight, gestational age and perinatal asphyxia, brain damage and ocular lesions. The amplitude of premature LBWI group without eye and brain complications still had statistical difference compared with the control group (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: LBWI has a high risk of visual impairment and should be given early monitoring and follow-up of visual function development.