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为研究车型和驾驶人速度感知对跟车行为的影响,设计影响速度感知的边缘率标线,在高速公路上开展试验,并获取车型、车速和车间距等数据,考察4种典型跟车模式下的平均速度和平均车头时距差异。结果显示:前车为小型车时,跟车车头时距更小,且小型车的跟车车头时距小于大型车;当时间频率在[5 Hz,12 Hz]以内时,平均车速随时间频率增高而降低,而车头时距则随之增大;车型与时间频率协同影响跟车车头时距。以上结果表明,前方不同车型车辆可引起驾驶人感知大小(感知距离)的差异,进而导致车头时距的变化;时间频率的增大引起减速度绝对值的增大,并导致车头时距增大。针对特定车型(跟车车头时距较小),通过铺设边缘率标线来增大跟车车头时距,可提高行车安全性。
In order to study the influence of vehicle type and driver's speed perception on following car behavior, the margin marking which affects the speed perception was designed and tested on the expressway. The data of vehicle type, vehicle speed and car spacing were obtained. Four typical car following modes Under the average speed and the average headway difference. The results show that when the front car is a small car, the time distance from the front of the car is smaller, and that of the small car is smaller than that of a large car. When the time frequency is within [5 Hz, 12 Hz], the average car speed varies with the time frequency Increase and decrease, while the headway is then increased; models and time and frequency synergies with the car headway. The above results show that the vehicles with different vehicles in front can cause the differences in perceived size (perceived distance) of the driver and lead to the change of the headway; the increase of the time-frequency causes the absolute value of the deceleration to increase and leads to an increase of the headway . For a specific model (with the car head time is small), through the laying of edge rate marking to increase with the car headway, can improve traffic safety.