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目的了解广州中山城乡居民突发公共卫生事件健康素养现况。方法选取广东省广州和中山市为调查城市,以到社区卫生服务机构接受服务的1113名居民为对象,进行匿名问卷调查,分析两地居民的突发公共卫生事件健康素养现状。结果广州中山城乡居民对突发公共卫生事件与《突发公共卫生事件应急条例》的总体了解率分别是52.9%和25.2%,其中城市居民突发公共卫生知识知晓率(57.1%)高于农村居民的知晓率(50.3%)(χ2=34.825,P=0.00);有26.8%的居民参加过突发公共卫生事件防控的教育,其中城市居民的受教育率(27.6%)高于农村居民(26.5%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.321,P=0.002)。有66.9%的城市居民认为需要进行突发公共卫生知识的教育,农村居民的教育需求高于城市居民(χ2=6.100,P=0.047)。结论广州中山城乡居民突发公共卫生事件健康素养有待提高,城市居民突发公共卫生事件健康素养好于农村居民,应加强对社区居民突发公共卫生事件的健康教育工作。
Objective To understand the status of health literacy of public health emergencies in urban and rural residents in Zhongshan, Guangzhou. Methods A total of 1,133 residents who were served by community health service agencies were selected as surveyed cities in Guangzhou and Zhongshan City of Guangdong Province. Anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted to analyze the health literacy status of residents in both places. Results The overall rates of public health awareness of public health emergencies and public health emergency regulations in Zhongshan were 52.9% and 25.2% respectively. Among them, the public awareness rate of public health awareness (57.1%) was higher in urban areas than in rural areas Residents ’awareness rate (50.3%) (χ2 = 34.825, P = 0.00); 26.8% of residents participated in the prevention and control of public health emergencies, among which, the urban residents’ education rate (27.6%) was higher than that of rural residents (26.5%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 12.321, P = 0.002). 66.9% of urban residents think it is necessary to educate students about public health emergency. The demand for education of rural residents is higher than that of urban residents (χ2 = 6.100, P = 0.047). Conclusion The health literacy of public health emergencies in urban and rural residents in Zhongshan need to be improved. The health literacy of public health emergencies in urban residents is better than that of rural residents. Health education should be strengthened for public health emergencies in community residents.