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目的了解嘉兴市实行免疫预防以后1984-2007年麻疹流行病学特征,为制定消除麻疹策略提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对法定传染病报告系统和麻疹监测系统资料进行分析。结果嘉兴市1984-2007年共报告麻疹7 970例,年平均发病率为9.59/10万,城区发病率高于县(市)。≥20岁成人、7~14岁、9月龄~6岁、≤8月龄婴儿分别占46.39%、19.57%、18.86%和7.08%。对1 891例8月龄~14岁儿童麻疹的免疫史分析,有麻疹疫苗(MV)免疫史、无免疫史、免疫史不详的分别占22.53%、47.96%、29.51%。结论本地人口成人发病增多,流动儿童MV接种率低,提高MV接种率和加强麻疹监测,才能消除麻疹。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles from 1984 to 2007 after immunoprophylaxis in Jiaxing City and provide the basis for formulating the measles elimination strategy. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze notifiable infectious disease reporting systems and measles monitoring system data. Results A total of 7 970 measles cases were reported in Jiaxing from 1984 to 2007, with an average annual incidence rate of 9.59 / 10 million. The incidence of urban areas was higher than that of counties (cities). Adults aged 20 years, 7 to 14 years, 9 months to 6 years, and ≤ 8 months old accounted for 46.39%, 19.57%, 18.86% and 7.08%, respectively. Immunization history of measles in 1 891 children aged from 8 months to 14 years old was measles vaccine immunization history without immunization history and immunization history accounted for 22.53%, 47.96%, 29.51% respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of adult population in the local population is increased, the vaccination rate of migrant children is low, the MV vaccination rate is increased, and the measles monitoring is strengthened so that measles can be eliminated.