第二次世界大战后,法国的政治体制经历了一场深刻改革。这场改革运动开始于第四共和国建立之时,一直延续到第五共和国戴高乐执政时期,前后达10多年之久。改革的根本点是改变战前传统的议会体制,克服政权长期动荡不安的局面,使政治机制的运转适应战后政治、经济和社会发展的步伐。用戴高乐的话说,就是要保证“国家的持续 After World War II, France’s political system experienced a profound reform. The reform movement began at the time of the founding of the Fourth Republic and lasted until more than 10 years after the Degussa period of the Fifth Republic. The fundamental point of the reform is to change the traditional pre-war parliamentary system and overcome the long-term turmoil in the political power so that the operation of the political mechanism can adapt to the post-war political, economic and social development. In de Gaulle’s words, it is to ensure that “the country continues.”