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引言在将近50年以前里克特引入地震震级的概念,在地震学的领域内,已取得了不平凡的成功。地震震级满足了按强度把地震加以分类这个明确的需要。随着时间的前进,提出了几种震级标度。按年代顺序为,第一是由美国加利福尼亚南部地震产生的近震震级 M_L(里克特,1935).为了把震级标度应用于远震事件,引入了20秒面波的震级 M_S,称为面波震级(古登堡和里克特,1936)。最后,为使震级标度适用于任意震源深度,定义了体波震级 M_b(古登堡,1945a、b)。不辛,由于这个不一致的发展,立刻出现了困难。明显的问题是如何使得三个震级标度彼此相连系,始终没有一个满意的解
Introduction The concept of Richter’s introduction of earthquakes nearly 50 years ago has had extraordinary success in the field of seismology. The magnitude of the earthquake fulfilled the clear need to classify earthquakes by intensity. As time goes on, several magnitudes have been proposed. In chronological order, the first is the near-Earthquakes magnitude M_L (Richter, 1935) produced by the Southern California Earthquake in the United States. In order to apply the magnitude scale to teleseismic events, a 20-second surface wave magnitude, M_S, Surface wave magnitude (Gutenberg and Richter, 1936). Finally, in order to apply the magnitude scale to arbitrary focal depths, the body-wave magnitude M_b is defined (Gutenberg, 1945a, b). No Xin, due to this inconsistent development, there was an immediate problem. The obvious question is how to tie the three magnitude scales to each other, without always having a satisfactory solution