论文部分内容阅读
自2009年3月墨西哥发现首例甲型H1N1流感病例以来,截至2009年5月29日已有53个国家和地区正式报告15510例确诊病例,2009年4月29日,世界卫生组织(WHO)已将全球流感大流行警告级别从4级提升到5级,并且还有进一步升级的可能。引发此次疫情的病原体是一种之前从未在人和猪身上出现过的新型甲型H1N1流感病毒。该新病毒对奥司他韦(达菲)和扎那米韦较敏感,但对金刚烷胺和金刚乙胺具有抗药性。人群对该病毒普遍易感,经由人-人形式传播。甲型流感在潜伏期内有传播能力,因此必须对密切接触者进行严格检疫;民众应做到勤洗手,咳嗽、喷嚏、吐痰时使用纸巾掩住口鼻等预防措施以减少传播机会。公共场所良好的通风条件、个人良好的卫生习惯和健康状况是预防该病的关键。
Since Mexico reported the first case of Influenza A (H1N1) in March 2009, 15,510 confirmed cases have been formally reported in 53 countries and regions as of 29 May 2009. On April 29, 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) The global pandemic alert level has been raised from 4 to 5 and further escalations are possible. The cause of the outbreak was a new type A (H1N1) virus that had never before been seen in humans and pigs. The new virus is more sensitive to oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir, but resistant to amantadine and rimantadine. The population is generally susceptible to the virus and is transmitted via human-human forms. Influenza A has the ability to spread during its incubation period. Therefore, strict quarantine of close contacts must be carried out. People should wash their hands, cough, sneeze, and use a tissue to cover their mouth and nose during spitting to reduce their chance of transmission. Good ventilation in public places, good personal hygiene and good health are the keys to preventing the disease.