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目的了解甘肃省大学生体质发展动态,为甘肃省教育相关部门、高校体育、卫生监督提供一定的理论依据。方法抽取1991、2000、2010年3次全国学生体质与健康调研资料,分2个阶段,以前10年、后10年的均值和均值差进行显著性t检验和动态分析。结果甘肃省大学生身体形态(除乡村女生外)发育水平有不同程度的提高,乡村男生身高增长2.58 cm,城市男生体重增长5.84 kg;肺活量呈负增长趋势;近10年脉搏,除乡村男生外其余组别均有不同程度下降;身体素质出现较大的持续下滑现象,速度和耐力下降幅度最小的组别分别是乡村男生和城市女生,其下降值也达到了0.16 s和20.23 s。甘肃省大学生身体形态发育水平有不同程度的提高,近10年间,城市学生的心脏功能有所改善,但身体素质除女生腰腹力量和柔韧性略有增长外,其余指标均呈持续下滑趋势,其中速度素质、耐力素质下滑较为严重。结论甘肃省大学生体质状况发展趋势不容乐观,应引起教育相关部门的高度重视,采取有效积极措施。
Objective To understand the physical development of undergraduates in Gansu Province and to provide some theoretical basis for the education departments and universities in Gansu Province. Methods Three national physical and health survey data from 1991, 2000 and 2010 were collected and divided into two stages. The mean and mean difference of the past 10 years and the last 10 years were used for t test and dynamic analysis. Results The body shape of college students in Gansu Province (except for rural girls) increased to some extent. The height of boys in rural areas increased by 2.58 cm and that of urban boys increased by 5.84 kg. The vital capacity showed a negative growth trend. In the last 10 years, All had different degrees of decline; the physical quality of the larger sustained decline, the lowest rate of decline in speed and endurance were urban boys and urban girls, the decline has reached 0.16 s and 20.23 s. In the past 10 years, the heart function of urban students has been improved. However, the body quality showed a sustained downward trend except for the waist strength and flexibility of girls. However, The speed quality, endurance quality decline is more serious. Conclusion The development trend of college students’ physical fitness in Gansu Province is not optimistic, which should be paid great attention by relevant departments of education and take effective and positive measures.