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“以人为尺度”和“以河流为尺度”是考察河流价值的两种不同向度。在人类中心主义的旗帜下,河流的生命本体被忽视,河流的经济价值被盲目追逐和过度利用。面对全球性的河流危机,“以河流为尺度”的河流中心主义兴起,成为对传统理念的反拨,但它矫枉过正的偏颇要求建立“人河互为尺度”的互主体性的、相互回馈的河流伦理观。从自然整体论的角度,确立新的河流价值观和基本权利,旨在承认河流自身的生命及其内在价值,维护河流永续生存的权利,进而也是维护人类的长远利益。
“Human scale ” and “River as a yardstick ” is to examine two different dimensions of river value. Under anthropocentrism, the body of the river is neglected and the economic value of the river is blindly chased and overused. In the face of the global river crisis, the rise of river centrism with “the river as the yardstick” has become the callback to the traditional idea, but its overcompensation requires the establishment of a “sub-subjectivity” The mutual feedback of river ethics. From the perspective of natural holism, establishing new river values and basic rights aims at recognizing the river’s own life and its intrinsic value, safeguarding the river’s right to survive, and further safeguarding the long-term interests of mankind.