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目的通过胎儿超声心动图观察孤立完全性血管环(CVR)的特征,测量气管横截面积(TA)和血管环面积(VRA),以期为围产期管理提供依据。方法选取2010年8月至2015年11月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院超声心动图二部胎儿心脏病母胎医学会诊中心胎儿数据库资料中诊断孤立完全性血管环胎儿92例作为病例组,并选取同期正常胎儿92例作为对照组,于三血管气管观观察超声特征并测量主动脉弓水平气管横截面积(TA)和血管环面积(VRA)。结果病例组92例孤立完全性血管环胎儿气管横截面积测值(2.39±1.26)mm2小于对照组正常胎儿(5.27±1.49)mm2测值,病例组92例孤立完全性血管环胎儿血管环面积测值为(48.92±19.10)mm2,右位主动脉弓伴左位动脉导管胎儿77例,表现为“U”字形血管环,双主动脉弓胎儿15例,表现为“O”字形或“λ”形血管环。结论胎儿超声心动图能诊断孤立完全性血管环,孤立完全性血管环对胎儿气管有一定程度受压,气管横截面积测值小于对照组正常胎儿。
Objective To observe the characteristics of isolated complete vascular rings (CVR) by fetal echocardiography and measure the tracheal cross-sectional area (TA) and vascular ring area (VRA) in order to provide the basis for perinatal management. Methods From August 2010 to November 2015, 92 cases of isolated complete vascular annulus were diagnosed in the fetus database of two fetal heart disease maternal fetal medical consultation centers in Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University. In the same period, 92 normal fetuses were used as the control group to observe the characteristics of ultrasound in three tracheal trachea and measure the horizontal tracheal cross-sectional area (TA) and vascular annulus area (VRA) of the aortic arch. Results The measured tracheal cross-sectional area of 92 cases (2.39 ± 1.26) mm2 was lower than that of the normal fetus (5.27 ± 1.49 mm2) in 92 cases. In the case group, 92 cases of isolated complete vascular loop The measured value was (48.92 ± 19.10) mm2, and the right aortic arch was associated with left anterior descending artery catheterization in 77 cases, showing “U” shaped vascular ring and 15 cases of double aortic arch fetus with “O” or “ λ ”shaped vascular ring. Conclusion Fetal echocardiography can diagnose isolated complete vascular rings. Isolated complete vascular rings have a certain degree of compression on the fetal trachea. The tracheal cross-sectional area measurement is smaller than that of the control group.