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目的:评价乳腺核磁共振（MRI）简易序列（AP）对乳腺肿瘤的诊断准确性。方法:回顾性分析86例乳腺MRI检查，采用AP和常规序列（FDP）两种检查方法对图像进行对比分析，AP 包括轴位T2加权成像（T2-weighted imaging，T2WI）、扩散加权成像（diffuion-weighted imaging，DWI）和动态增强4期图像，FDP包括矢状位T2WI、轴位T1加权成像（T1-weighted imaging，T1WI）、T2WI、DWI和动态增强7期图像。根据乳腺影像报告和数据系统标准（breast imaging reporting and data system，BI-RADS）各自诊断并比较两者的一致性，再以病理结果为标准比较两种序列对乳腺肿瘤的诊断效能。结果:2位医师独立阅片时，相同医师在不同序列间通过BI-RADS分类的诊断一致性为0.856、0.900，通过时间信号强度曲线（time-signal intensity curve，TIC）类型的诊断一致性为0.822、0.922，差异均无统计学意义（n P>0.05）；相同序列在不同医师间通过BI-RADS分类的诊断一致性为0.744、0.822，通过TIC类型的诊断一致性为0.889、0.878，差异均无统计学意义（n P>0.05）。2位医师共同阅片，AP和FDP诊断恶性肿瘤在BI-RADS分类的敏感度分别为89.8%（95n %CI：0.785~0.958）、91.5%（95n %CI：0.806~0.968），特异度为71.0%（95n %CI：0.518~0.851）、77.4%（95n %CI：0.585~0.897），曲线下面积为0.804（95n %CI：0.698~0.910）、0.845（95n %CI：0.748~0.941）；两种序列诊断恶性肿瘤在TIC类型的敏感度分别为86.4%（95n %CI：0.745~0.936）、89.8%（95n %CI：0.785~0.958），特异度为61.3%（95n %CI：0.423~0.776）、67.7%（95n %CI：0.485~0.827），曲线下面积为0.739（95n %CI：0.623~0.855）、0.788（95n %CI：0.679~0.897），以上差异均无统计学意义（n P>0.05）。AP和FDP的扫描时间分别为（11.97±0.94）min、（21.25±1.12）min，差异有统计学意义（n P0.05). In terms of diagnosing malignant neoplasms using the BI-RADS, the sensitivities of the AP and FDP were 89.8% (95n %CI: 0.785-0.958) and 91.5% (95n %CI: 0.806-0.968), respectively; their specificities were 71.0% (95n %CI: 0.518-0.851) and 77.4% (95n %CI: 0.585-0.897), respectively; and the areas under the curves (AUCs) were 0.804 (95n %CI: 0.698-0.910) and 0.845 (95n %CI: 0.748-0.941), respectively. Diagnosing malignant neoplasms using TICs, the sensitivities of the AP and FDP were 86.4% (95n %CI: 0.745-0.936) and 89.8% (95n %CI: 0.785-0.958), respectively; their specificities were 61.3% (95n %CI: 0.423-0.776) and 67.7% (95n %CI: 0.485-0.827), respectively, and the AUCs were 0.739 (95n %CI: 0.623-0.855) and 0.788 (95n %CI: 0.679-0.897), respectively. There was no significant difference between the AP and FDP (n P>0.05). The MRI acquisition times of the AP and FDP were 11.97±0.94 min and 21.25±1.12 min, respectively, with a significant difference (n P<0.001). The average reading time was reduced by 13.5% using the AP compared with that using the FDP.n Conclusion:Compared with the FDP, the AP reduced the acquisition time and maintained the diagnostic accuracy, which can be used as an improved pattern for MRI screening in high-risk populations of breast neoplasms.