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日本福岛核事故为核电事业敲响了警钟,体现出反应堆安全是核电站的重中之重。由于全厂断电(StationBlackout,简称SBO,即核电厂失去全部的厂外电源和厂内应急电源)是一个超设计基准工况,在当时设计中没有考虑。发生SBO后,如不能及时恢复厂外或厂内电源,则反应堆堆芯失去冷却能力,就会发生熔堆事故。所以核电厂需实施改进措施,以提高应付全厂断电事故的能力。文中会对电厂应付SBO的能力进行分析并对改进措施进行阐述。
Japan’s Fukushima nuclear accident sounded the alarm for nuclear power business, reflecting the safety of the reactor is the most important nuclear power plant. Because the Station Blackout (SBO) is an ultra-design benchmark operating condition, it was not considered in the design at that time because the SBO (shortened SBO, that is, the nuclear power plant lost all the external power and the emergency power in the plant). SBO occurs, if not promptly restore the plant or plant power, the reactor core loss of cooling capacity, there will be a heap accident. Therefore, nuclear power plants need to implement improvement measures to improve the ability to cope with the whole plant blackouts. The paper will analyze the capacity of power plants to cope with SBO and elaborate on the improvement measures.