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为建立双孢蘑菇同核原生质体杂交育种体系,本文对同核原生质体亲合性反应及杂交异核体F_1代的农艺性状和F_2代的分离与变异规律进行了研究。结果表明:双孢蘑菇同核原生质体的杂交是一个较复杂的性亲合与核迁移过程,其杂交率较低。在按气生型×气生型、气生型×匍匐型、匍匐型×匍匐型组合的520个杂交配对中,共获得113个杂交异核体,平均杂交率为22%。本研究同时建立了以菌落形态、菌丝生长速度、羧甲基纤维素酶相对活性以及酯酶同功酶电泳为手段的杂交异核体鉴定体系。
In order to establish a cross breeding system of Agaricus bisporus with nuclear protoplasts, this paper studied the affinity reaction of the same nucleus protoplasts and the agronomic traits and the separation and variation of the F_2 generation of F_1 hybrids. The results showed that the cross of Agaricus bisporus with nuclear protoplasts was a complex sex-affinity and nuclear migration process, with low hybridization rate. A total of 113 hybrid heterokaryons were obtained from 520 hybrid pairs of aerial type × aerial type, aerial type × creeping type, creeping type × creeping type, and the average hybridization rate was 22%. In this study, we also established the identification system of hybrid heterokaryon by means of colony morphology, mycelial growth rate, relative activity of carboxymethylcellulose and electrophoresis of esterase isozymes.