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以采自新疆不同地区野生黄花苜蓿为材料,对其主要形态特征进行研究,了解其在形态方面的遗传差异。结果表明,新疆野生黄花苜蓿株型主要为斜生型,占总数的50.00%;叶形主要为倒披针形,占总数的43.75%;叶片毛被主要为表面光滑背面稀疏型,占总数的62.50%。植株形态的方差分析表明,群体间差异大于群体内差异,测定的自然高度、叶宽、绝对高度、节间长、叶长/叶宽、茎节数、茎粗、叶长、自然高度/绝对高度等9个性状在群体间均有显著差异(P<0.05);在群体内自然高度有显著差异(P<0.05)。聚类分析将32份野生黄花苜蓿分为4类:植株低矮型、枝叶密集型、普通型和植株高大型。来自布尔津编号为B5的黄花苜蓿性状优良,是较好的育种资源。
In order to study the main morphological characteristics of wild Medicago sativa L. from different parts of Xinjiang, the morphological differences were studied. The results showed that the plant type of wild alfalfa in Xinjiang was predominantly lenticular, accounting for 50.00% of the total. The leaf shape was mainly oblanceolate, accounting for 43.75% of the total. The leaf hair was mainly sparsely smooth with a smooth surface on the back 62.50%. Analysis of variance of plant morphology showed that the differences among populations were larger than those within populations. The measured natural height, leaf width, absolute height, internode length, leaf length / leaf width, number of stems, stem diameter, leaf length, natural height / absolute Height and other 9 traits in the population were significantly different (P <0.05); in the group of natural height significant difference (P <0.05). Cluster analysis divided 32 wild Medicago sativa into four categories: low plant type, foliage-intensive type, common type and tall plant type. The alfalfa from Bourdain number B5 has good traits and is a good breeding resource.