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设计并制备了一种兼具高增益和低雷达散射截面(radar cross section,RCS)的微带天线,通过给原始微带天线加载双屏频率选择表面(frequency selective surface,FSS)覆层,使其具有宽带的3 d B增益带宽和宽带、宽角度的低RCS特性.该FSS单元的上层是四个开口处都焊有电阻的金属环结构,下层是中间和四边都开缝的金属贴片结构.上层加载的电阻主要用于吸收雷达入射波,减缩天线RCS;下层的贴片和天线地板构成Fabry-Perot谐振腔,提高天线增益.在5.75—11.37 GHz频带内,S22<-10 d B,S12<-10 d B;在11.21—11.54 GHz频带内,S11反射系数相位曲线斜率为正,幅度模值均在0.86以上.实验结果表明:与原始天线相比,在谐振频点11.73 GHz处,天线增益提高3.4 d B,E,H面的半功率波束宽度分别减小16°和50°;天线的3 d B增益带宽为10.00—12.40 GHz,完全覆盖阻抗带宽.在4.10—11.30 GHz频带内,天线法向RCS均有3 d B以上的减缩,最大减缩23.08 d B;4.95 GHz处的单站RCS在-20°—20°的角域、双站RCS在-37°—37°的角域均有3 d B以上的减缩.实验结果证实了该FSS覆层可用于同时改善天线的辐射和散射性能.
A microstrip antenna with both high gain and low radar cross section (RCS) is designed and fabricated. By loading the original microstrip antenna with a frequency selective surface (FSS) It has a broadband 3 d B gain bandwidth and wide, wide angle, low RCS characteristics.The upper FSS cell is a metal ring structure with four openings all welded with resistors and the lower layer is a metal patch The upper loaded resistor is mainly used to absorb incident radar waves and reduce the RCS of the antenna while the lower patch and the antenna floor form a Fabry-Perot resonator to increase the antenna gain. In the band 5.75-11.37 GHz, S22 <-10 d B , S12 <-10 d B, and the slope of the S11 reflection coefficient phase curve is positive in the frequency band of 11.21-11.54 GHz with amplitude moduli above 0.86.The experimental results show that, compared with the original antenna, at the resonance frequency of 11.73 GHz , The antenna gain is increased by 3.4 d, and the half-power beamwidths of B and E, H planes are reduced by 16 ° and 50 °, respectively; the 3 d B gain bandwidth of the antenna is 10.00-12.40 GHz and completely covers the impedance bandwidth. In the 4.10-11.30 GHz band Within the antenna, the normal RCS has more than 3 d B reduction, most Reduction of 23.08 d B; single-station RCS at 4.95 GHz In the angular region of -20 ° -20 °, the double-station RCS has a reduction of more than 3 d B in the -37 ° -37 ° region. The experimental results confirm that FSS cladding can be used to improve both the antenna’s radiation and scattering properties.