脓胸是感染性分泌物或脓液积聚于胸膜腔或胸膜残余腔,并伴壁层和脏层胸膜继发性炎性硬结性反应,形态性病程特征上分为3期:渗出期、纤维蛋白/化脓期、纤维硬结期。病因为不同病理机制的感染:肺炎后、感染性/特殊性的、外伤后、手术后医源性。 积液形成伴继发感染的病理生理学可理解为以生理性经胸膜液体交换的动力学为背景,如同微循环内经毛细血管的液体流体一样,经胸膜的液体平衡也是通过Starling平衡力调节的。经胸膜的液体滤过与重吸收处于平衡中且壁层和脏层胸膜的流体静力压和渗 Empyema is an infectious discharge or pus accumulate in the pleural cavity or pleural residual cavity, with parietal and visceral pleura secondary inflammatory sclerosis reaction, morphological characteristics of the disease is divided into three phases: exudative period, Fibrin / purulent period, fibrosis. Etiology is due to different pathological mechanisms of infection: pneumonia, infectious / specific, traumatic, postoperative iatrogenic. The pathophysiology of effusion formation with secondary infection is understood to be in the context of physiologic fluid exchange through the pleural fluid, as is the capillary fluid flow in the microcirculation. The fluid balance across the pleura is also adjusted by Starling’s balance. Transmyotrophic fluid filtration and reabsorption are in equilibrium and the hydrostatic pressure and infiltration of the parietal and visceral pleura