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自从本世纪５０年代海洋沉积氧同位素记录被揭示以来，经典的陆地４次冰期理论被新的认识所取代，人们发现第四纪以来冰期－间冰期旋回远远不止４次，并且从深海沉积和陆地黄土获取的古气候变化记录与地球轨道参数变化可以对比，为揭示第四纪古气候变化机制构建了明确的框架。近年来有关末次冰期不稳定气候事件的揭示也为深入认识古气候变化特征提供了新的证据。然而冰期－间冰期旋回机制、南北半球在冰期－间冰期循环过程中的耦合机制以及气候不稳定事件发生机制仍然是困扰古气候研究者的重大问题。
Since the discovery of marine sedimentary oxygen isotope records in the 1950s, the classic theory of terrestrial glacial age has been replaced by new understanding. It is found that the glacial-interglacial cycles have been more than 4 times since the Quaternary period. From the deep-sea sediments and Paleoclimate records obtained by terrestrial loess can be compared with those of orbital parameters, and a clear framework for revealing paleoclimatic change mechanism of Quaternary has been established. In recent years, the revelation of unstable climate events in the last glacial period has provided new evidence for further understanding of the characteristics of paleoclimate changes. However, the glacial-interglacial cycle mechanism, the coupling mechanism between the northern and southern hemispheres in the glacial-interglacial cycles, and the mechanism of climate instability are still major problems to the paleoclimate researchers.