炎症反应是造成缺血性脑卒中继发性神经损伤的重要机制，是现阶段神经科学领域的研究热点。星形胶质细胞具有脑内分布广泛、缺氧耐受力强、能与神经血管单元的几乎所有细胞相互作用等特点，成为缓解缺血性损伤的潜在治疗靶点。缺血性卒中后，星形胶质细胞迅速激活成为反应性星形胶质细胞，释放大量炎症因子，促进其他炎性细胞的激活与侵润，触发级联炎症反应，加重缺血性神经损伤。大量基础研究表明，抑制星形胶质细胞的激活和反应性胶质化，可显著减轻神经炎症反应和梗死体积，并明显改善大脑中动脉闭塞动物模型的神经功能缺损情况。文章从星形胶质细胞激活与极化、炎症因子的释放、炎性细胞交互作用及相应的治疗策略等方面，对星形胶质细胞在缺血性脑卒中后炎症反应的研究进展做一综述。“,”Inflammatory response is an important mechanism of secondary nerve injury in ischemic stroke, which is still a research hotspot in the field of neuroscience at present. Astrocytes are characterized by extensive distribution in brain, strong hypoxia tolerance, and the ability to interact with almost all cells in neurovascular unit, thus becoming potential therapeutic targets for alleviating ischemic injury. After ischemic stroke, astrocytes quickly become reactive astrocytes, releasing a large number of inflammatory cytokines, promoting the activation and invasion of other inflammatory cells, triggering a cascade of inflammatory responses, and aggravating ischemic injury. A variety of basic studies have shown that inhibiting the astrocytes activation and astrocytosis can significantly reduce neuroinflammatory response and infarct volume, and significantly improve the neurological function recovery in a model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. In this paper, the research progress of inflammatory response of astrocytes after ischemic stroke was reviewed from the aspects of astrocyte activation and polarization, release of inflammatory cytokines, interaction of inflammatory cells and corresponding targeted therapy strategies.