夏尔·波德莱尔(Charles Baudelaire,1821一1867)在法国文学史上占有特殊地位。作为诗人,他使法国诗歌跨出国界并树立起“现代诗歌的形象”①。作为艺术批评家,他体现了“19世纪对现代性最为敏锐的意识之一”⑦,为现代艺术批评奠定了基本原则。纵观波德莱尔的作品,他并未就“现代性”问题写出过系统的理论著作,相关美学观点散见于各种画评和信札。他首先用“现 Charles Baudelaire (1821-1867) holds a special place in the history of French literature. As a poet, he made French poetry cross national boundaries and established ”the image of modern poetry“. As an art critic, he embodies ”one of the keenest consciousness toward modernity in the 19th century“, which lays the basic principle for the criticism of modern art. Throughout Baudelaire’s work, he has not written a systematic theoretical work on the issue of ”modernity“, and related aesthetic opinions are found in various paintings and letters. He first used ”now