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正当防卫制度作为我国刑法明文规定的违法性阻却事由,其特点是在客观上符合犯罪构成要件,但本质上属于制止正在进行的不法侵害、保护法益的行为。关于认定正当防卫,一是要考察客观上的不法侵害和防卫限度,二是得考虑防卫人的防卫意图。在司法实践中,行为人是否具有防卫意图则直接影响着正当防卫的认定。因此,有必要对正当防卫的主观要素进行研究,望能对司法实践起到积极的推动作用。
The legitimate defense system, as the cause of the obstruction of illegality stipulated in the criminal law of our country, is characterized by objectively meeting the elements of the crime, but essentially acts to stop the ongoing unlawful invasion and protect the legal interests. On the recognition of legitimate defense, one must investigate objectively the unlawful infringement and defense limits, and the second is to consider the defensive intentions of defense personnel. In judicial practice, whether the perpetrator has a defensive intent directly affects the determination of justifiable defense. Therefore, it is necessary to study the subjective elements of justifiable defense in the hope of playing an active role in promoting judicial practice.