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目的对双氧水消毒液进行毒理学安全性评价,为其使用安全性提供科学依据。方法采用急性经口毒性试验、亚急性经口毒性试验(染毒剂量1 000.0、250.0、62.5 mg/kg·bw)、一次破损皮肤刺激试验、急性眼刺激试验、阴道黏膜刺激试验、小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验观察双氧水消毒液的系统毒性、局部刺激性及致突变性。结果双氧水消毒液对大、小鼠急性经口LD50均大于10 000 mg/kg·bw;对家兔一次破损皮肤刺激试验皮肤刺激反应最高积分均值为0分;急性眼刺激试验染毒后24、48、72 h,角膜、虹膜、结膜水肿的平均积分均为0分,结膜充血平均积分分别为0.3、0、0分;阴道粘膜刺激试验刺激指数为0.45分。小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率各剂量组与阴性对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);亚急性经口毒性试验中,虽然雄鼠62.5、250.0 mg/kg·bw剂量组红细胞总数显著低于对照组(分别P<0.01、P<0.05),雌鼠1 000 mg/kg·bw剂量组红细胞总数、血红蛋白、红细胞压积显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但均在本实验室历史参考值范围,且缺乏明显的量效关系。病理组织学检查发现肝脏、肺脏、胃肠病变均随机地分配于各组。受试物对大鼠体重增长、血生化指标、其他血液学指标、脏器系数无显著影响(P>0.05)。结论该双氧水消毒液属实际无毒,一次染毒对家兔破损皮肤无刺激性,无眼刺激性和阴道粘膜刺激性;对小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞无致微核作用;亚急性经口染毒对雌雄SD大鼠最大未观察到有害作用的剂量为1 000 mg/kg·bw。
Objective To evaluate the toxicological safety of hydrogen peroxide disinfectant and provide a scientific basis for its safety. Methods Acute oral toxicity test, subacute oral toxicity test (exposure dose 1000, 250.0, 62.5 mg / kg · bw), primary damaged skin irritation test, acute eye irritation test, vaginal mucosal irritation test, Cytotoxicity, local irritation and mutagenicity of hydrogen peroxide disinfectant were observed in micronucleus test of polychromatic erythrocytes. Results The acute oral LD50 of the hydrogen peroxide disinfectant in rats and mice was more than 10 000 mg / kg · bw. The highest average score of skin irritation in rabbits skin irritation test was 0; acute eye irritation test was 24, The average score of corneal, iris and conjunctival edema were 0, 48, and 72 h respectively. The average score of conjunctival hyperemia was 0.3, 0 and 0 respectively. The stimulation index of vaginal mucosa stimulation test was 0.45. There was no significant difference between the micronucleus rate of bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes and the negative control group (P> 0.05). In the subacute oral toxicity test, although the male 62.5,250.0 mg / kg · bw dose group The total number of erythrocytes was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.01, P <0.05, respectively). The total number of red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit of the 1 000 mg / kg · bw group were significantly lower than those of the control group In this laboratory historical reference range, and the lack of significant dose-effect relationship. Histopathological examination revealed that liver, lung and gastrointestinal lesions were randomly assigned to each group. The test substance has no significant effect on body weight gain, blood biochemistry index, other hematology index and organ coefficient (P> 0.05). Conclusion The hydrogen peroxide disinfectant is actually non-toxic, once the poisoning on rabbits damaged skin irritation, no eye irritation and vaginal mucosal irritation; micronuclei on the mouse bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes; subacute oral Exposure to male and female SD rats did not observe the most damaging effects of the dose of 1 000 mg / kg · bw.