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为研究海底原油与天然气单相泄漏扩散规律的差异性,合理制定应急响应策略,减小事故损失,针对海底管道失效所致的原油与天然气泄漏问题,基于计算流体动力学CFD方法,建立海底油气管道泄漏事故后果预测与评估模型,对特定事故场景下的海底原油与天然气泄漏扩散过程进行模拟与分析,从泄漏扩散过程、工况因素影响、泄漏后果及应对策略4个方面对比原油与天然气的泄漏扩散特性。结果表明:相同工况下,海底原油与天然气在泄漏速率、扩散时间、扩散形态及水平最大扩散距离方面存在显著差别;与天然气相比,原油泄漏扩散行为对工况因素具有更高的敏感性;原油泄漏会引发严重的环境灾害,天然气泄漏则会影响海上结构物的稳定性及引发火灾爆炸事故,据此需合理制定具有针对性的应对策略。
In order to study the difference of the single phase leakage and diffusion rules between the crude oil and natural gas in the seabed, the emergency response strategy is formulated reasonably to reduce the accident loss. In view of the leakage of crude oil and natural gas caused by the failure of the submarine pipeline, CFD method based on computational fluid dynamics Pipeline leakage accident prediction and assessment model to simulate and analyze the process of leakage and diffusion of seabed crude oil and natural gas in a specific accident scenario. Comparing the distribution of crude oil and natural gas from four aspects of leakage diffusion process, working condition factors, leakage consequences and countermeasures Leakage diffusion characteristics. The results show that under the same conditions, there is a significant difference in leakage rate, diffusion time, diffusion morphology and horizontal diffusion distance between crude oil and natural gas. Compared with natural gas, crude oil leakage and diffusion behavior is more sensitive to working conditions ; Crude oil spills will lead to serious environmental disasters, natural gas leaks will affect the stability of marine structures and cause fire and explosion accidents, according to which a reasonable response to the need to develop targeted.