晚清传统士人遭受身份认同危机,由“士”入“仕”的原有社会选官机制被阻断,“士”的没落与退居边缘促使读书人寻求新的突围。这一过程因与中国社会的现代性设计纠扰缠绕在一起,在传统与现代的双向牵掣下显得扑朔迷离。而公共空间的形成显然不是意外收获的副产品,而是作为事关全局的重要因素决定着传统向现代的进程,也成为现代知识分子安身立命之本。 In the late Qing Dynasty, traditional scholars suffer from the identity crisis, the original social election mechanism from “Shi” to “Shi” is blocked, and the decline and retreat of “Shi” push the scholar to seek new breakthrough . This process is entangled with the modern design disruption in Chinese society, and it is complicated and confusing under the traditional two-way control of the modern era. The formation of public space is obviously not a by-product of accidental harvest. Rather, it determines the process of tradition to the modern as an important factor in the overall situation and has also become the foundation for the modern intellectuals to settle down.